Tobacco consumption, opium use, alcohol drinking and the risk of esophageal cancer in North Khorasan, Iran

Pournaghi, Seyed-Javad; Hojjat, Seyed Kaveh; Noveyri, Farhad Barazandeh; Ghouchani, Hamid Tavakkoli; Ahmadi, Ali; Hamedi, Andishe; Rahimi, Jamileh; Mohamaddoust, Hadi; Lashkardoost, Hossein

doi:10.1080/14659891.2018.1523962

Cited by 10 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…These results approved previous reports, indicating that these provinces have one of the highest reported rates of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma worldwide. Most of the aforementioned provinces have common borders with Turkmenistan and Afghanistan countries that have high ASR for esophageal cancer due to their susceptible genetic/ethnic background [44][45][46]. Besides genetic susceptibility, exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (from opium smoking and indoor air pollution), drinking hot tea, low intake of fruits and vegetables, and drinking unpiped water were determined as risk factors for esophageal cancer in these areas [47,48].…”

Section: Colorectal Cancermentioning

confidence: 99%

National and Subnational Cancer Incidence for 22 Cancer Groups, 2000 to 2016: A Study Based on Cancer Registration Data of Iran

Khanali

Kolahi

2021

Journal of Cancer Epidemiology

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Background. Cancer is an increasing public health concern, and detailed knowledge of the cancer incidence is required for developing effective cancer control plans. The objective of this study is to present the cancer incidence of 22 cancer groups in Iran and all 31 provinces of the country from 2000 to 2016, for both sexes across different age groups. Method. To study the national and provincial cancer incidence in Iran, we extracted data from the Cancer Project, which collects the Iranian cancer registry data and visualizes it in the VIZIT data visualization system. The methodology and statistical analysis that is used in this study follow the cancer project study protocol. Joinpoint analysis was performed to calculate the average annual percent change of the crude rates and age-standardized rates from 2000 to 2016. Results. Cancer incidence was 126,982 patients in 2016, and the crude rate (CR) of cancer in both sexes and all ages was 155 per 100,000 people. Cancer incidence approximately doubled between 2000 and 2016; however, the age-standardized rate (ASR) had a less drastic increase. The most incident cancers in 2016 were breast, skin, and colorectal cancers; however, the ranking of cancer groups by incidence was different in different age and sex groups and provinces. Some cancers exhibited a unique distribution pattern in the country with high-incidence local areas. Discussion. The study showed that cancer incidence, crude rate, and age-standardized rate (ASR) in Iran had increased in 2000-2016 with vast heterogeneity by cancer type, province, and sex. Moreover, it was shown that the crude rate of cancer in Iran was much less than the global cancer crude rate. Providing such data helps to allocate resources and develop effective national cancer control plans appropriately.

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Section: Colorectal Cancermentioning

confidence: 99%

National and Subnational Cancer Incidence for 22 Cancer Groups, 2000 to 2016: A Study Based on Cancer Registration Data of Iran

Khanali

Kolahi

2021

Journal of Cancer Epidemiology

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“…Teriak and shireh can be smoked or ingested, sukhteh is usually ingested, and heroin is usually injected. Tahami et al, (2014), and Khademi et al, (2012) measured daily consumption of opium by a measurement unit, "Nokhod" (the local unit for opium use, equivalent to about 0.2 g) Shakeri et al,(2012), Nasrollahzadeh et al, (2008), Islami et al, (2004), andPournaghi et al, (2019) studied the relationship between opium consumption and esophageal squamous cell carcinoma with odds ratio (OR) ranging from 1.37 to 2.1, whereas for oral cancer OR ranged from 4.09 to 5.01 as described in studies done by Fahmi et al, (1983), Razmpa et al,(2014), and Saedi et al,(2012). The risk of development of laryngeal cancer with opium consumption was highest and the OR ranged from 9.09 to 31.55 according to the studies done by Mausavi et al,(2010), Berjis et al, (2017), andBakhshae et al, (2017).…”

Section: Data Synthesismentioning

confidence: 99%

Opium Usage and Risk of Head and Neck Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Singh

Jaiswal

Goel

et al. 2021

Asian Pac J Cancer Prev

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Estimates from 2019 suggest that there are approximately 54 million opium users worldwide, 80% of whom live in Asia. Ease of access, and traditional beliefs about opium are the two factors responsible for high rate of consumption (Hosseini et al., 2010) Opium use or abuse leads to several acute health hazards and some reports also states association between use long term effects of opium use and risk of cancer. Link between opium and oral, bladder, lung, head and neck and gastric cancers have been found in past studies.

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“…[28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39] Second, GCS was the first study to prospectively follow a large number of opium users for more than a decade with a negligible loss to followup, allowing robust investigation of the risk of different cancer outcomes among these individuals. 12 Altogether, since 2003, at least 25 independent case-control, 24,[28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][40][41][42][43][44][45][46][47][48][49][50][51][52] and 2 cohort studies 12,39 have been conducted on this subject and nearly all have shown increased risk of cancers of different sites among opium users . Reviewing the results of all studies conducted over the past 50 years, the IARC Working Group found "sufficient evidence" for the carcinogenicity of opium consumption in relation to cancers of the larynx, lung, and bladder, and "limited evidence" for the carcinogenicity of opium for cancers of the esophagus, stomach, pharynx, and pancreas.…”

Section: Fifty Years Of Investigations On Opium Use and Cancer Riskmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fifty Years of Research and One Conclusion: Opium Causes Cancer

2020

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In September 2020, the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) announced that opium consumption causes cancer in humans – a conclusion drawn after reviewing data from five decades of research. Given the widespread use of opium and its derivatives by millions of people across the world, the classification of opium consumption as a "Group 1" carcinogen has important public health ramifications. In this mini-review, we offer a short history of opium use in humans and briefly review the body of research that led to the classification of opium consumption as carcinogenic. We also discuss possible mechanisms of opium’s carcinogenicity and potential avenues for future research.

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Tobacco consumption, opium use, alcohol drinking and the risk of esophageal cancer in North Khorasan, Iran

Cited by 10 publications

References 18 publications

National and Subnational Cancer Incidence for 22 Cancer Groups, 2000 to 2016: A Study Based on Cancer Registration Data of Iran

National and Subnational Cancer Incidence for 22 Cancer Groups, 2000 to 2016: A Study Based on Cancer Registration Data of Iran

Opium Usage and Risk of Head and Neck Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Fifty Years of Research and One Conclusion: Opium Causes Cancer

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