Tissue-specific changes in Ca2+-ATPase and Na+/K+-ATPase activities in freshwater African catfish Clarias gariepinus juvenile exposed to oxadiazon

Abstract

Background: This study investigated the effect of sublethal concentrations (0.0, 0.3, 0.6, and 1.2 mg•L-1) of herbicide oxadiazon (ODZ) on the activities of Ca 2+-ATPase and Na + /K +-ATPase in juvenile Clarias gariepinus. Methods: One hundred eighty juveniles of Clarias gariepinus (mean weight 58.88 ± 1.24 g and mean length 22.34 ± 1.52 cm) were randomly divided into four groups and exposed to sublethal concentrations (0.00, 0.3, 0.6, and 1.2 mg•L-1 ODZ) for 21 days in a static renewal bioassay system in which the herbicide and water were replaced completely every day. The changes in Ca 2+-and Na + /K +-ATPase activities in the gill, kidney, liver, and heart of the fish were assayed on days 1, 7, 14, and 21. Result: The result showed significant alteration in the activity of these membrane-bound enzymes. There was duration and concentration-dependent significant (p < 0.05) increase in Ca 2+-ATPase activity in the treatment groups when compared with the control. The Na + /K +-ATPase activity was significantly (p < 0.05) inhibited in all the tissues when compared with control. The observed alterations in the activities of both Ca 2+-ATPase and Na + /K +-ATPase in this study may be indication of impaired ionic transport and imbalance in the fish which may trigger other biochemical, physiological, and even neurological consequences that may compromise several body functions. Conclusion: The alteration of the ATPase activities in C. gariepinus by ODZ is likely to affect the ATP usage and energy metabolism in the fish serious repercussions on Ca 2+ homeostasis, Na + /K + sodium pump, and Ca 2+ /Na + exchanger The results suggested that assay of the enzymes could be used as a biomarker of water pollution.

Modulatory Effect of Papaya Extract against Chlorpyrifos-Induced Oxidative Stress, Immune Suppression, Endocrine Disruption, and DNA Damage in Female Clarias gariepinus

“…African catfish, Clarias gariepinus, is a cosmopolitan 'big' Clarias species with wide distribution in Africa and several temperate regions around the world. Its high demand in aquaculture derives not only in growing to a big size but also from being hardy to withstand stress [33]. Thus, C. gariepinus is considered a suitable model for toxicological studies [34][35][36][37].…”

Physiological responses of oxidative damage, genotoxicity and hematological parameters of the toxic effect of neonicotinoid-thiamethoxam in Oreochromis niloticus

“…The enzyme Ca 2+ -ATPase provides transport and transit of Ca 2+ across the membrane. It also regulates intracellular calcium ion balance (Oluah et al, 2020). In addition to maintaining ionic regulation, they also provide the energy required for the transport of metabolites (Oluah et al, 2020;Temiz et al, 2018).…”

“…It also regulates intracellular calcium ion balance (Oluah et al, 2020). In addition to maintaining ionic regulation, they also provide the energy required for the transport of metabolites (Oluah et al, 2020;Temiz et al, 2018). In cray sh (Astacus leptodactylus) tissues, sublethal doses of TMX were reported to inhibit enzyme activities responsible for ion regulation (Na + /K + -ATPase, Ca 2+ ATPase) in a dose-dependent manner at 96 hours of exposure (Uçkun et al, 2021).In present study, Na + /K + -ATPase and Ca 2+ ATPase enzymes, which are renal ionoregulation enzyme parameters, showed a signi cant dose-dependent decrease in TMX exposure for 7 days (Fig.…”

Morphological and Functional Alterations Induced by Two Ecologically Relevant Concentrations of Lead on Danio rerio Gills

“…Exposure to lead and other heavy metals induces osmoregulatory dysfunctions that are recognized as the main toxicity mechanisms of these pollutants in seawater and freshwater fish [ 20 , 29 , 60 , 61 ]. In basal conditions, Na + /K + -ATPase and aquaporin-3 (AQP3) are widely expressed within this key osmoregulatory organ and localize in the basolateral membrane of chloride cells (CCs), where they mediate the movements of water and selected ions between intracellular and extracellular fluids [ 42 , 43 ]. CCs are often a target of heavy metals’ toxicity [ 62 ], and in situations that prevent their normal function, the gills might promote their differentiation to increase ions uptake [ 62 , 63 ].…”

“…Therefore, to evaluate the functional disorders under experimental conditions, we used a real-time PCR (RT-PCR) to detect and quantify key enzymes correlated to specific Pb toxicity pathways in zebrafish gills in a second step. Na + /K + -ATPase and aquaporin-3 (AQP3) are expressed within key osmoregulatory tissues where they mediate the active transmembrane movement of water and selected ions between intracellular and extracellular fluids [ 42 , 43 ] and are widely recognized as valuable biomarkers in xenobiotics-induced osmotic stress [ 24 , 26 , 29 , 44 , 45 ]. In fish, protective pathways are activated to regulate heavy metal ions and prevent tissue damage [ 46 , 47 ], including metallothioneins (MTs) induction.…”