Thymol efficacy against coccidiosis in pigeon (Columba livia domestica)

Arafa, Waleed M.; Abolhadid, Shawky M.; Moawad, Abeer; Abdelaty, Asmaa S; Moawad, Usama Kamal; Shokier, Khaled A. M.; Shehata, Olfat; Gadelhaq, Sahar M.

doi:10.1016/j.prevetmed.2020.104914

Cited by 19 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…Control interventions such as treatment and prophylaxis against chicken diseases helped lower the mortality rate of chickens. For instance, studies on the efficacy of thymol have reduced the negative effect of Eimeria infection in pigeons which can lead to death ( Arafa et al, 2020 ). The combination of 2 or more approaches during chicken disease control reduces the adverse effects of diseases in chickens.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of sex, age, diseases, and control intervention on chickens’ mortality and its financial implications in Dodoma, Tanzania

Ngongolo

Chota²

2022

Poultry Science

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of sex, age, diseases, and control intervention on chickens’ mortality and its financial implications in Dodoma, Tanzania

Ngongolo

Chota²

2022

Poultry Science

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“…Additionally, the risks associated with the residues of veterinary drugs in milk and other animal by-products emphasize the importance of complementary medicines. Numerous researchers have reported on the use of thymol to treat a variety of parasitic infections (Arafa et al 2020), but few have mentioned its use in the treatment of T. vitulorum infections.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In a microtiter plate (96 well), double-fold serial dilutions in saline solution (NaCl 0.9%) were performed to a nal concentration of 0.625 mg/100 µl. To each well, one hundred T. vitulorum eggs in formol saline were added to achieve a nal concentration ranging from 10.0% to 0.625% (Arafa et al 2020). Ivermectin was diluted in distilled water to obtain ve concentrations of 0.08, 0.04, 0.02, 0.01 mg/mL, and 0.005 mg/mL.…”

Section: Embryonation Of Toxocara Eggsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A positive control group of rats was infected but not treated. The rats in the thymol-treated group received thymol in the drinking water at a dose of 40.00 mg/kg body weight for seven days prior to challenge (via stomach tube) (Arafa et al 2020). For seven days prior to infection, the nal group (ivermectin-treated group) received ivermectin (0.2 mg/kg) in the drinking water.…”

Section: Experimental Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Assessment of the efficacy of thymol against Toxocara vitulorum in experimentally infected rats

et al. 2022

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The effect of thymol and ivermectin on the development and embryonation of Toxocara vitulorum (T. vitulorum) eggs, as well as their migration in albino rats was investigated in vitro. A total of forty male albino rats were divided into four groups for an in vivo experiment. The rst group was uninfected; the second group was infected but left untreated; the third group received thymol at a dose of 40 mg/kg; and the fourth group received ivermectin (0.2 mg/kg). Thymol inhibited the development of Toxocara larvae within the eggs in vitro. Ivermectin; however, produced inconsistent results. The in vivo results indicated that the recovery rates of Toxocara larvae from the liver and lungs on day 7 post-infection were signi cantly lower in the thymol-or ivermectin-treated group than in the infected untreated control group.Histopathological examination demonstrated that thymol and ivermectin were effective in reducing larval load, reducing the number and size of granulomas in the absence of larvae, and improving tissue architectures. Albumin levels were signi cantly increased in the thymol-treated group. Nitric oxide, IL-4, and IFN-γ levels were signi cantly decreased in the serum of the thymol-or ivermectin-treated group. The current study concluded that thymol possessed anti-Toxocara activity in a rat model. Additionally, thymol possessed ovicidal properties and may be used as a disinfectant.

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“…Similarly, in growing broilers simultaneously subjected to heat stress and thymol supplementation, beneficial effects on body weight gain, feed conversion ratio, water intake and serum glutathione peroxidase were found in comparison to non-supplemented controls [54]. Interestingly, experiments in birds and rodents under other environmental challenges that induce oxidative stress have also assessed a third type of supplementation strategy in which thymol administration began after exposure to the challenge [55][56][57][58], appealing to a potential palliative effect. However, to our knowledge, these three supplementation strategies have not been compared yet in a single experiment in any species.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Context- and scale-dependent effects of thymol bioactivity on biological networks: contributions from quail under heat stress

Fernández

Bonansea

Más

et al. 2022

Preprint

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A defining feature of healthy function is adaptability, the capacity to dynamically respond to novel and/or unpredictable factors, such as exposition to environmental challenges. Here we explore the role of context (i.e., order in which factors are applied) on the configuration of networks of behavioral and physiological traits from Japanese quail that were supplemented dietary thymol prior, jointly or after onset of a chronic heat stress protocol (i.e., supplementation strategies). Basal diet and standard environmental temperature were used as controls. We begin by showing that each supplementation strategy evolved differently over the 5-week experimental period in regard to body weight and feed- intake. At the end of this experimental period, context-dependency was also observed in the non- trivial functional relationships among 27 traits from 4 subsystems from distinct spatial-temporal scales. When considered separately, whole-organism level subsystems (i.e. somatic maintenance and egg production traits), are predominantly functionally related to environmental temperature. Conversely, at the molecular level, the liveŕs antioxidant system response is fundamentally dominated by the supplementation strategy. Interestingly, the serum’s antioxidant system shows an intermediate response, not dominated by a given factor. Overall, network configurations were highly dependent on context, and could be associated with specific induced physiological states. Our work constitutes the first study that includes network, integrative, and experimentally comparative analyses applied to the field of dietary supplementation under environmental challenges. This perspective could help understand complex biological responses important for developing efficient and welfare orientated supplementation protocols for farm animals and for interpreting the background in this field.

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Thymol efficacy against coccidiosis in pigeon (Columba livia domestica)

Cited by 19 publications

References 47 publications

Effect of sex, age, diseases, and control intervention on chickens’ mortality and its financial implications in Dodoma, Tanzania

Effect of sex, age, diseases, and control intervention on chickens’ mortality and its financial implications in Dodoma, Tanzania

Assessment of the efficacy of thymol against Toxocara vitulorum in experimentally infected rats

Context- and scale-dependent effects of thymol bioactivity on biological networks: contributions from quail under heat stress

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