Thrust measurements and flow field analysis of a piezoelectrically actuated oscillating cantilever

Eastman, Andrew; Kiefer, Jacob; Kimber, Mark

doi:10.1007/s00348-012-1373-6

Cited by 27 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…The data in [21] are slightly larger than the rest; this discrepancy may be ascribed to the presence of a passive fin at the IPMC tip in [21]. Data in [39][40][41] show much larger thrust levels, which are in fact associated with higher Reynolds numbers. Experimental data presented therein refer to larger structures, whose characteristic length is approximately 50 mm [41], 90 mm [40], and 65 mm [39] as compared to 35 mm used in IPMCs.…”

Section: Thrust Produced By the Vibrating Ipmcmentioning

confidence: 78%

“…Data in [39][40][41] show much larger thrust levels, which are in fact associated with higher Reynolds numbers. Experimental data presented therein refer to larger structures, whose characteristic length is approximately 50 mm [41], 90 mm [40], and 65 mm [39] as compared to 35 mm used in IPMCs. Servomotors and piezoelectrics afford higher tip speed compared to IPMCs, whereby data in [40,41] encompass tip speeds as large as 0.62 and 0.18 m s 1 − .…”

Section: Thrust Produced By the Vibrating Ipmcmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…To compare our findings with the technical literature on thrust production of vibrating strips, in figure 13, we plot our data together with existing experimental results [21,28,29,[39][40][41]. Such data encompass IPMCs [21,28,29], piezoelectrics [39,40], and servomotor-controlled passive foils [41].…”

Section: Thrust Produced By the Vibrating Ipmcmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Servomotors and piezoelectrics afford higher tip speed compared to IPMCs, whereby data in [40,41] encompass tip speeds as large as 0.62 and 0.18 m s 1 − . In [39], the higher range of Reynolds number is associated with a considerably larger tip speed of 5.23 m s 1 − , which compensates for the fact that the experiments are conducted in air.…”

Section: Thrust Produced By the Vibrating Ipmcmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The IPMC vibration is measured from raw images to calculate salient non-dimensional flow parameters and aid in the pressure reconstruction from PIV data, which requires knowledge of the IPMC location. Experimental results are compared to numerical solutions [27,30] and other experimental studies, including observations on piezoelectrics and servomotor-controlled passive foils [28,29,[39][40][41]. To aid in the interpretation of the experimental results and offer insight into the possibility of designing IPMC propulsors, a distributed model for IPMC underwater vibration and thrust production is presented.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 4 more Smart Citations

Flow measurement and thrust estimation of a vibrating ionic polymer metal composite

Chae

Cha

Peterson

et al. 2015

Smart Mater. Struct.

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Ionic polymer metal composites (IPMCs) are an emerging class of soft active materials that are finding growing application as underwater propulsors for miniature biomimetic swimmers. Understanding the hydrodynamics generated by an IPMC vibrating under water is central to the design of such biomimetic swimmers. In this paper, we propose the use of time-resolved particle image velocimetry to detail the fluid kinematics and kinetics in the vicinity of an IPMC vibrating along its fundamental structural mode. The reconstructed pressure field is ultimately used to estimate the thrust produced by the IPMC. The vibration frequency is systematically varied to elucidate the role of the Reynolds number on the flow physics and the thrust production. Experimental results indicate the formation and shedding of vortical structures from the IPMC tip during its vibration. Vorticity shedding is sustained by the pressure gradients along each side of the IPMC, which are most severe in the vicinity of the tip. The mean thrust is found to robustly increase with the Reynolds number, closely following a power law that has been derived from direct three-dimensional numerical simulations. A reduced order distributed model is proposed to describe IPMC underwater vibration and estimate thrust production, offering insight into the physics of underwater propulsion and aiding in the design of IPMC-based propulsors.

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Section: Thrust Produced By the Vibrating Ipmcmentioning

confidence: 78%

Section: Thrust Produced By the Vibrating Ipmcmentioning

confidence: 93%

Section: Thrust Produced By the Vibrating Ipmcmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Thrust Produced By the Vibrating Ipmcmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Flow measurement and thrust estimation of a vibrating ionic polymer metal composite

Chae

Cha

Peterson

et al. 2015

Smart Mater. Struct.

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Analysis of three-dimensional attributes and flow intake for an oscillating cantilever

Eastman

Kimber

2014

Exp Fluids

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Design and characterization of a miniature free-swimming robotic fish based on multi-material 3D printing

Phamduy

Vazquez

Kim

et al. 2017

Int J Intell Robot Appl

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Research in animal behavior is increasingly benefiting from the field of robotics, whereby robots are being continuously integrated in a number of hypothesis-driven studies. A variety of robotic fish have been designed after the morphophysiology of live fish to study social behavior. Of the current design factors limiting the mimicry of live fish, size is a critical drawback, with available robotic fish generally exceeding the size of popular fish species for laboratory experiments. Here, we present the design and testing of a novel free-swimming miniature robotic fish for animal-robot studies. The robotic fish capitalizes on recent advances in multi-material three-dimensional printing that afford the integration of a range of material properties in a single print task. This capability has been leveraged in a novel design of a robotic fish, where waterproofing and kinematic functionalities are incorporated in the robotic fish. Particle image velocimetry is leveraged to systematically examine thrust production, and independent experiments are conducted in a water tunnel to evaluate drag. This information is utilized to aid the study of the forward locomotion of the robotic fish, through reduced-order modeling and experiments. Swimming efficiency and turning maneuverability is demonstrated through target experiments. This robotic fish prototype is envisaged as a tool for animal-robot interaction studies, overcoming size limitations of current design.

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Thrust measurements and flow field analysis of a piezoelectrically actuated oscillating cantilever

Cited by 27 publications

References 21 publications

Flow measurement and thrust estimation of a vibrating ionic polymer metal composite

Flow measurement and thrust estimation of a vibrating ionic polymer metal composite

Analysis of three-dimensional attributes and flow intake for an oscillating cantilever

Design and characterization of a miniature free-swimming robotic fish based on multi-material 3D printing

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