Thrombocytopenic purpura in measles

Hudson, James B.; Weinstein, Louis; Chang, Te‐Wen

doi:10.1016/s0022-3476(56)80116-9

Cited by 52 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…59,60,[66][67][68][69] Platelet activation by virus-containing immune complexes could trigger the breakdown of platelets into MPs or their elimination by the reticuloendothelial system, suggesting that this mechanism may be one explanation for the recognized thrombocytopenia that occurs in viral disease. Interestingly, immune complexes play a pathogenic role in severe cases of influenza infection.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influenza virus H1N1 activates platelets through FcγRIIA signaling and thrombin generation

Boilard

Paré

Rousseau

et al. 2014

Blood

173

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influenza virus H1N1 activates platelets through FcγRIIA signaling and thrombin generation

Boilard

Paré

Rousseau

et al. 2014

Blood

173

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“…Endothelial injury by the virus [137] may lead to increased adherence and consumption of platelets [138]. Viral infections that have been associated with thrombocytopenia are mumps [139,140], rubella [141][142][143], rubeola [144], varicella [145][146][147], disseminated herpes simplex [148], CMV infection [149,150], infectious mononucleosis [151][152][153][154][155], Hantaan virus infection [156,157], Dengue HF [5,135,158], Crimean-Congo HF [159], and Marburg HF [160]. Dengue fever is associated with thrombocytopenia even in mild and uncomplicated cases [5]; therefore, thrombocytopenia cannot be the only explanation for the occurrence of bleeding.…”

Section: Thrombocytopeniamentioning

confidence: 99%

Review: Infectious Diseases and Coagulation Disorders

et al. 1999

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Infection, both bacterial and nonbacterial, may be associated with coagulation disorders, resulting in disseminated intravascular coagulation and multiorgan failure. In the last few decades a series of in vivo and in vitro studies has provided more insight into the pathogenetic mechanisms and the role of cytokines in these processes. Because of the growing interest in this field, the complexity of the subject, and the fact that many physicians must deal with a variety of infections, current data are reviewed on the association between infectious diseases and the coagulation system. Novel therapeutic intervention strategies that will probably become available in the near future are mentioned, along with those of special interest for infectious disorders for which only supportive care can be given.

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“…[3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11] ITP is known to occur after many types of infections, including numerous vaccine-preventable diseases. [12][13][14][15][16][17][18] In approximately two-thirds of ITP cases, there is a history of a preceding infectious illness in the days to weeks before ITP onset. 19 A subset of these children will have an identifiable virus, such as Epstein-Barr virus, varicella zoster virus, influenza virus, or HIV.…”

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confidence: 99%

The Risk of Immune Thrombocytopenic Purpura After Vaccination in Children and Adolescents

et al. 2012

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WHAT'S KNOWN ON THIS SUBJECT: Studies on vaccine safety are crucial to the ongoing success of our national immunization program. ITP has a known association with MMR in young children, occurring in 1 in 40 000 doses. The risk after other childhood vaccines is unknown. WHAT THIS STUDY ADDS:This study found no increased risk of ITP after vaccines other than MMR in young children, confirmed an association of ITP with MMR, and also found that ITP may occur after certain other vaccines in older children.abstract BACKGROUND: The risk of immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) after childhood vaccines other than measles-mumps-rubella vaccine (MMR) is unknown. METHODS:Using data from 5 managed care organizations for 2000 to 2009, we identified a cohort of 1.8 million children ages 6 weeks to 17 years. Potential ITP cases were identified by using diagnostic codes and platelet counts. All cases were verified by chart review. Incidence rate ratios were calculated comparing the risk of ITP in risk (1 to 42 days after vaccination) and control periods.RESULTS: There were 197 chart-confirmed ITP cases out of 1.8 million children in the cohort. There was no elevated risk of ITP after any vaccine in early childhood other than MMR in the 12-to 19-month age group. There was a significantly elevated risk of ITP after hepatitis A vaccine at 7 to 17 years of age, and for varicella vaccine and tetanus-diphtheria-acellular pertussis vaccine at 11 to 17 years of age. For hepatitis A, varicella, and tetanus-diphtheria-acellular pertussis vaccines, elevated risks were based on one to two vaccine-exposed cases. Most cases were acute and mild with no long-term sequelae.CONCLUSIONS: ITP is unlikely after early childhood vaccines other than MMR. Because of the small number of exposed cases and potential confounding, the possible association of ITP with hepatitis A, varicella, and tetanus-diphtheria-acellular pertussis vaccines in older children requires further investigation. 2 Since then, the association of live attenuated measles-mumps-rubella (MMR) vaccine and ITP has been well established. [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11] ITP is known to occur after many types of infections, including numerous vaccine-preventable diseases. [12][13][14][15][16][17][18] In approximately two-thirds of ITP cases, there is a history of a preceding infectious illness in the days to weeks before ITP onset. 19 A subset of these children will have an identifiable virus, such as Epstein-Barr virus, varicella zoster virus, influenza virus, or HIV. 16 Because vaccines are designed to induce an immune response that mimics natural infection to produce immunologic protection, it is theoretically possible that vaccines besides MMR could trigger ITP. In addition, there have been case reports of ITP after other childhood vaccines, including hepatitis B vaccine (HBV), diphtheria-tetanuspertussis vaccine (DTP), and hepatitis A vaccine (Hep A). [20][21][22][23][24][25] However, the risk of ITP after childhood vaccines other than MMR is currently unknown.Known rare severe complica...

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Thrombocytopenic purpura in measles

Cited by 52 publications

References 7 publications

Influenza virus H1N1 activates platelets through FcγRIIA signaling and thrombin generation

Influenza virus H1N1 activates platelets through FcγRIIA signaling and thrombin generation

Review: Infectious Diseases and Coagulation Disorders

The Risk of Immune Thrombocytopenic Purpura After Vaccination in Children and Adolescents

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