Thickness and spatial distributions of clastic dykes, northwest Sacramento Valley, California

Jolly, R.J.H.; Cosgrove, John; Dewhurst, D.

doi:10.1016/s0191-8141(98)00053-4

Cited by 26 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…The controls on the distribution of dyke swarms is not known, but may be related to the dimensions or connectivity of the parent units supplying sand and fluid to the intrusion network. Similar step‐like cumulative thickness curves have previously been reported for sandstone intrusions from subsurface (Lonergan et al , 2007) and outcrop data (Jolly et al , 1998).…”

Section: Kinematic Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

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Emplacement mechanics of sandstone intrusions: insights from the Panoche Giant Injection Complex, California

Vétel

Cartwright

2010

Basin Research

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The Panoche Giant Injection Complex (PGIC; California) constitutes the most complete sandstone intrusion network yet described, and is an excellent analogue for subsurface hydrocarbon reservoirs modified by sand remobilisation. Sandstone dykes and sills were intruded during the Late Palaeocene into slope mudstones of the Great Valley forearc basin, and are exposed for more than 300 km2. The PGIC consists of dykes and sills and represents upwards infilling of natural hydraulic fractures sourced from highly overpressured Cretaceous sand bodies. Over 1300 orientation measurements show that dykes are almost randomly oriented with only a slight orientation bias trending NE–SW, N–S or NW–SE, suggesting either a horizontally isotropic state of stress during intrusion or modification of stress by newly‐formed fractures that override the remote stress. Dykes are segmented in a pattern consistent with radial propagation with fingering towards tips similar to that observed for other mixed mode fractures. Kinematic indicators reveal there was no systematic sense of opening for the intrusions. This is interpreted as the result of short‐range mechanical interactions. Cross‐cutting relationships between injections imply a diachronous timing and a fluid pressure in the source units that was in excess of the lithostatic load. Finally we document a suite of minor structures within the host section that allowed the strain of the forcefully intruded sand to be accommodated.

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Section: Kinematic Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Importantly, the PGIC data, together with data from Greenland (Surlyk et al , 2007), Antarctica (Taylor, 1982), Japan (Hayashi, 1966) and California (Diller, 1889; Jolly et al , 1998) all plot within a consistent range of H / T values (grey fields on Fig. 8).…”

Section: Kinematic Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

Emplacement mechanics of sandstone intrusions: insights from the Panoche Giant Injection Complex, California

Vétel

Cartwright

2010

Basin Research

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“…We interpret the clustered intrusions as representing the initial state of intrusion propagation (Fig. 13) (Jolly et al . 1998).…”

Section: Interpretation Of Conditions and Timing Of Emplacementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fluidized sandstone intrusions as an indicator of Paleostress orientation, Santa Cruz, California

Boehm

Moore

2002

Geofluids

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The late Miocene sandstone intrusions of northern Santa Cruz County, California, are the largest subaerial exposures of clastic intrusions on earth. The intrusions are sourced from a sandstone, underlying mudstone, accumulated in an outer shelf to upper slope environment. Dikes are the most frequent intrusion type, reach the greatest thickness and tend to strike north‐east and dip steeply. One giant dike is more than 150 m wide. Sills are least frequent, locally > 8 m thick and have no clear preferred geographical distribution. Clustered intrusions are commonly < 10 cm thick and mostly composed of dikes of various attitudes. The majority of the intrusions probably were injected shallowly as some extrude onto the seafloor. The local seafloor extrusion also indicates injection during the deposition of the Santa Cruz Mudstone (7–9 Ma). The intrusions are concentrated at the basin margin. Fluid pressure at the centre of the basin and perhaps hydrocarbons were communicated to the basin margin through the then sand, causing fluid overpressures that contributed to the fluidization and intrusion into the overlying mudstone. Primarily north‐east‐striking, steeply dipping dikes and secondarily, shallowly dipping sills are most significant in terms of regional connectivity of intrusions and physical dilation of the formation. The orientation of the dikes and sills indicates a regional stress field with a horizontal NE–SW maximum and a NW–SE minimum compressive direction. The simultaneous development of dikes and sills suggests similar magnitudes of the minimum and intermediate principal stresses. Preferential weakness along bedding contributed to the development of sills. Palaeomagnetic data indicate no significant block rotation around a vertical axis. The maximum principal stress direction indicated by the intrusions is about 55° to the San Gregorio Fault and about 70° to the San Andreas Fault during the late Miocene. This stress field is similar to the modern stress field and suggests moderate fault weakness.

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“…The discordant wing-like parts are interpreted to be sandstone intrusions sourced from the concordant depositional part. The asymmetric geometry of sand injections may be due to (1) local heterogeneity in the host strata, such as presence of cemented mudstones or marls that may act as barrier to the vertical propagation of injections (2) interaction between the stress fields adjacent to synchronously propagating intrusions (Jolly et al, 1998;Vetel and Cartwright, 2010); (3) burial depth, preexisting faults within the sedimentary succession, or spatial variations in the stress state above and adjacent to the sand bodies (Jolly and Lonergan, 2002). The different acoustic impedance of the intrusions within the study area may be a result of several factors such as porosity, mineralogy, diagenesis, including physical and chemical consolidation .…”

Section: Origin Of the Bowl-and W-shaped Features Within The Segmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development and post-depositional deformation of a Middle Eocene deep-water sandy depositional system in the Sørvestsnaget Basin, SW Barents Sea

Safronova

Andreassen

Laberg

et al. 2012

Marine and Petroleum Geology

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Thickness and spatial distributions of clastic dykes, northwest Sacramento Valley, California

Cited by 26 publications

References 21 publications

Emplacement mechanics of sandstone intrusions: insights from the Panoche Giant Injection Complex, California

Emplacement mechanics of sandstone intrusions: insights from the Panoche Giant Injection Complex, California

Fluidized sandstone intrusions as an indicator of Paleostress orientation, Santa Cruz, California

Development and post-depositional deformation of a Middle Eocene deep-water sandy depositional system in the Sørvestsnaget Basin, SW Barents Sea

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