Thermomechanical behavior of virgin and highly crosslinked ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene used in total joint replacements

Kurtz, Steven M.; Villarraga, Marta L.; Herr, M.; Bergström, Jörgen; Rimnac, Clare M.; Edidin, Avram A.

doi:10.1016/s0142-9612(02)00102-3

Cited by 162 publications

(114 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…The other failure quantities, e.g. the stress and strain response in uniaxial tension, showed no significant rate-dependence [22]. Overall, these findings support our assumption that failure criteria for UHMWPE are effectively rate independent.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 76%

“…Thus, in this study, we examined the following eight isostate failure models: maximum principal stress, Mises stress, Tresca stress, hydrostatic stress, Coulomb stress, maximum principal strain, Mises strain, and chain stretch. Most of these models are well known and are discussed in detail in most introductory solid mechanics textbooks [22]. For completeness, three of the lesser known models (the Coulomb model, the Mises strain model, and the chain stretch model) are discussed herein in more detail.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We examined four different types of UHMWPE obtained from ram-extruded rods of GUR 1050 that were subjected to different radiation and heat treatments. The materials [22] were: as-received unirradiated, gamma radiation sterilized in Nitrogen with 30 kGy, gamma radiation treated with 100 kGy (giving a highly crosslinked microstructure and subsequently annealed at 110 "C for 2 h), and gamma radiation treated with 100 kGy (giving a highly crosslinked microstructure and subsequently remelted at 150 "C). The microstructures of these materials were examined elsewhere [22]; e.g., the degree of crystallinity of the three materials was determined to be 0.50 for the unirradiated, 0.51 for the sterilized material (30 kGy y-N2), 0.61 for the crosslinked material heat treated at 110 "C, and 0.46 for the crosslinked material heat treated at 150 "C. The four materials were tested in uniaxial large strain monotonic tension to failure and in small punch testing to failure.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Molecular chain stretch is a multiaxial failure criterion for conventional and highly crosslinked UHMWPE

Bergström

Rimnac

Kurtz

2005

Journal Orthopaedic Research

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The development of accurate theoretical failure, fatigue, and wear models for ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) is an important step towards better understanding the micromechanisms of the surface damage that occur in load bearing orthopaedic components and improving the lifetime of joint arthoplasties. Previous attempts to analytically predict the clinically observed damage, wear, and fatigue failure modes have met with limited success due to the complicated interaction between microstructural deformations and continuum level stresses. In this work, we examined monotonic uniaxial and multiaxial loading to failure of UHMWPE using eight failure criteria (maximum principal stress, Mises stress, Tresca stress, hydrostatic stress, Coulomb stress, maximum principal strain, Mises strain, and chain stretch). The quality of the predictions of the different models was assessed by comparing uniaxial tension and small punch test data at different rates with the failure model predictions. The experimental data were obtained for two conventional (unirradiated and gamma radiation sterilized in nitrogen) and two highly crosslinked (1 50 kGy, remelted and annealed) UHMWPE materials. Of the different failures models examined, the chain stretch failure model was found to capture uniaxial and multiaxial failure data most accurately for all of the UHMWPE materials. In addition, the chain stretch failure criterion can readily be calculated for contemporary UHMWPE materials based on available uniaxial tension data. These results lay the foundation for future developments of damage and wear models capable of predicting multiaxial failure under cyclic loading conditions.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 76%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Molecular chain stretch is a multiaxial failure criterion for conventional and highly crosslinked UHMWPE

Bergström

Rimnac

Kurtz

2005

Journal Orthopaedic Research

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 66%

“…The lower crystallinity and hence lower creep resistance results from crosslinking and subsequent remelting [13,17,28]. In contrast, Kurtz et al [17] described an increase in crystallinity when annealing PE below its melting point after irradiation, but in our study, the 3-D comparisons of XLPE and conventional PE only involved remelted XLPE inserts. Most of the deformation occurs early after implantation on ultrahigh-molecular-weight PE bearing surfaces [11,18,19], consistent with our finding of linear correlations between LOI and volume change in the XLPE and conventional PE inserts (Fig.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 66%

Surface Damage Is Not Reduced With Highly Crosslinked Polyethylene Tibial Inserts at Short-term

Liu

Esposito

Elpers

et al. 2016

Clinical Orthopaedics &Amp; Related Research

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Background Highly crosslinked ultrahigh-molecularweight polyethylene (XLPE) has been shown to reduce wear in hip arthroplasty, but the advantages over conventional polyethylene (PE) in total knee arthroplasty (TKA), if any, remain unclear. Questions/purposes Do differences exist in (1) surface damage as measured by damage score and percent area affected; and (2) extent and location of dimensional changes between XLPE and conventional PE observed on retrieved TKA tibial inserts?Methods In this study of components retrieved at the time of revision surgery, we matched 44 XLPE to 44 conventional PE inserts from four manufacturers; the matching approach considered implant design (exact match), insert size (exact match), and length of implantation (matched ± 6 months). Surface damage on the articular surfaces was subjectively graded and digitally mapped to determine the percent damaged area of each damage mode. Three-dimensional changes that had occurred as a result of implantation were determined by comparing laser scans of the retrieved inserts with size-matched pristine inserts. Results The differences of damage scores and percent damaged areas between the matched XLPE and conventional PE inserts were not large enough to be clinically significant with low corresponding levels of statistical significance (scores: 42 ± 13; 95% confidence interval [CI], 38-46 versus 45 ± 13; 95% CI, 41-49; p = 0.4; percent areas: 54% ± 38%; 95% CI, 44%-64% versus 54% ± 32%; 95% CI, 42%-65%; p = 0.9). However, XLPE inserts showed greater articular surface dimensional changes with high significance (root mean square of the distance: 0.16 ± 0.06 mm; 95% CI, 0.13-0.18 mm versus 0.14 ± 0.05 mm; 95% CI, 0.11-0.16 mm; p = 0.03). Within the same design, deviation patterns were consistent between the two materials; however, as expected, the location of the dimensional changes differed among designs: the negative deviations on the plateaus were centrally located in Zimmer PS inserts, were located on the perimeter in Smith & Nephew PS inserts, and were across the entire surface in DePuy PS inserts.

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Influence of Temperature on Creep and Deformation in UHMWPE under Tribological Loading in Artificial Joints

Galetz

Glatzel

2013

Biotribology

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Thermomechanical behavior of virgin and highly crosslinked ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene used in total joint replacements

Cited by 162 publications

References 26 publications

Molecular chain stretch is a multiaxial failure criterion for conventional and highly crosslinked UHMWPE

Molecular chain stretch is a multiaxial failure criterion for conventional and highly crosslinked UHMWPE

Surface Damage Is Not Reduced With Highly Crosslinked Polyethylene Tibial Inserts at Short-term

Influence of Temperature on Creep and Deformation in UHMWPE under Tribological Loading in Artificial Joints

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