Abstract:We test the stability of the mean field solution in the Nambu-Jona-Lasinio model in a semi-quantitative manner. For stable solutions with respect to both the σ and π directions, we investigate effects of the mesonic loop corrections of 1/N , which correspond to the next-to-leading order in the 1/N expansion, on the high density chiral phase transition. The corrections weaken the first order phase transition and shift the critical chemical potential to a lower value. At N = 3, however, instability of the mean field effective potential prevents us from determining the minimum of the corrected one.PACS ( At high temperature and density quantum chromodynamics (QCD) undergoes qualitative changes of great physical interest. Although many works are done, aspects of the transition region are not under full theoretical control. It is mandatory to deepen its understanding in order to understand the structure of compact stars and the history of the early universe, as well as results of ultra relativistic heavy ion experiments. With the aid of the progress in computer power, lattice simulations have become feasible for thermal system with zero or small density. In general, chiral restoration and deconfinement have been expected to occur simultaneously [1]. But a recent lattice simula- * E-mail: matsuza@fukuoka-edu.ac.jp tion results in different critical temperatures [2]. See also Ref.[3] for the order of the high temperature transition. One of the most important recent findings is strong correlations in the deconfined quark gluon plasma just above the critical temperature; on the one hand it appears as the near perfect fluidity [4][5][6] and on the other hand as the mesonic correlations [7,8].As an approach complementary to the first-principle lattice QCD simulation, we can consider effective models. In particular, they are even indispensable at high density where lattice QCD is not applicable due to the sign problem. One of them is the Nambu-Jona-Lasinio (NJL) model. Since it was proposed [9,10], this model has been widely used [11,12] in the mean field approximation, for example, for analyses of the critical end point of chiral transition on the temperature (T ) chemical potential (µ) plane [13][14][15][16].