Thermochemical engineering of hydrothermal crystallisation processes

Andelman, Tamar; Tan, Mei-Chee; Riman, Richard E.

doi:10.1179/143307510x12599329343123

Cited by 12 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…Infrared emissions for imaging in the 1100-1600 nm range have been reported to improve imaging sensitivity by up to ∼ 10 times. There are also many synthetic approaches to prepare RENPs, including co-precipitation, 112 113 thermal decomposition, [114][115][116][117][118] hydrothermal, [119][120][121][122] and various others. [123][124][125][126][127] Similar to fabrication of other types of nanoparticles, the co-precipitation method is the easiest and most convenient way, while the thermal decomposition method can always provide nanocrystals with high quality and monodispersity.…”

Section: Synthesis Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanoparticles for Molecular Imaging

Yang¹,

Liao²,

Thakor³

et al. 2014

j biomed nanotechnol

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Imaging techniques have been instrumental in the visualization of fundamental biological processes, identification and diagnosis of diseased states and the development of structure-function relationships at the cellular, tissue and anatomical levels. Together with the advancements made in imaging techniques, complementary chemical compounds, also known as imaging probes or contrast agents, are developed to improve the visibility of the image by enhancing sensitivity, and for the identification and quantitation of specific molecular species or structures. Extensive studies have been conducted to explore the use of inorganic nanoparticles which exhibit magnetic and optical properties unique to the nano regime so as to enhance the signals sensitivity for magnetic resonance and fluorescent imaging. These physical properties are tailored by controlling the size, shape and surface properties of nanoparticles. In addition, surface modification of nanoparticles is often required to improve its stability, compatibility and functionality. Surfactants, surface-active agents, have been used to engineer the surface characteristics of nanoparticles to improved particle stability and functionality. Surfactants enhance nanoparticle stability through the reduction of surface energy, and by acting as a barrier to agglomeration through either steric hindrance or repulsive electrostatic forces. Coupling of nanoparticles with biomolecules such as antibodies or tumor targeting peptides are enabled by the presence of functional groups (e.g., carboxyl or amine groups) on surfactants. This paper provides an overview of the chemistry underlying the synthesis and surface modification of nanomaterials together with a discussion on how the physical properties (e.g., magnetic, absorption and luminescent) can be controlled. The applications of these nanoparticles for magnetic resonance, fluorescent and photoacoustic imaging techniques that do not rely on ionizing radiation are also covered in this review.

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Section: Synthesis Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanoparticles for Molecular Imaging

Yang¹,

Liao²,

Thakor³

et al. 2014

j biomed nanotechnol

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show abstract

“…The phenomena underlying the size and morphology control through tuning the process variables are the overall nucleation and growth rates, which depend on supersaturation [19]. The term supersaturation is defined as the ratio of the actual concentration to the saturation concentration of the species in the solution [20]. Although the presence of myriad species in the hydrothermal/solvothermal solution makes it difficult to determine the exact reaction equilibria, several thermodynamic models have been established to calculate the solubility of the species that exist in hydrothermal/solvothermal systems, especially in aqueous solutions [3,[21][22][23][24][25][26].…”

Section: Fundamental Mechanisms Of Crystal Growth Via the Hydrothermamentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis of Nanoparticles via Solvothermal and Hydrothermal Methods

2016

Handbook of Nanoparticles

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“…In a typical reaction, solutions, suspensions, or gels are prepared from soluble and insoluble compounds that are subsequently reacted in a solvent (water or an organic solvent) at carefully chosen temperature and pressure. [37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45][46][47][48] For example, oxides, nitrates, chlorides, acids and bases can be dissolved in a reaction medium that can be either aqueous, non-aqueous (e.g., polyol, oleic acid, ethanol or octadecene) solvents or a mixture of any above-mentioned uids. The solvothermal synthesis method has been used to grow various rare-earth doped particles with controlled micronto nano-sizes and morphologies by adjusting the reaction parameters, like precursor concentration, time and solvent.…”

Section: General Properties and Synthesismentioning

confidence: 99%

Rare earth nanoprobes for functional biomolecular imaging and theranostics

et al. 2014

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Contrast agents designed to visualize the molecular mechanisms underlying cancer pathogenesis and progression have deepened our understanding of disease complexity and accelerated the development of enhanced drug strategies targeted to specific biochemical pathways. For the next generation probes and imaging systems to be viable, they must exhibit enhanced sensitivity and robust quantitation of morphologic and contrast features, while offering the ability to resolve the disease-specific molecular signatures that may be critical to reconstitute a more comprehensive portrait of pathobiology. This feature article provides an overview on the design and advancements of emerging biomedical optical probes in general and evaluates the promise of rare earth nanoprobes, in particular, for molecular imaging and theranostics. Combined with new breakthroughs in nanoscale probe configurations, and improved dopant compositions, and multimodal infrared optical imaging, rare-earth nanoprobes can be used to address a wide variety of biomedical challenges, including deep tissue imaging, real-time drug delivery tracking and multispectral molecular profiling.

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Thermochemical engineering of hydrothermal crystallisation processes

Cited by 12 publications

References 41 publications

Nanoparticles for Molecular Imaging

Nanoparticles for Molecular Imaging

Synthesis of Nanoparticles via Solvothermal and Hydrothermal Methods

Rare earth nanoprobes for functional biomolecular imaging and theranostics

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