Thermal-to-plasma transitions and energy thresholds in laser ablated metals monitored by atomic emission/mass spectrometry coincidence analysis

Vadillo, José M.; García, Carmen C.; Alcántara, José F.; Laserna, J.J.

doi:10.1016/j.sab.2005.06.003

Cited by 30 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…In LIBS, the interaction between laser beam and the solid sample is complicated [16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23]. It depends on physical and chemical characteristics of the sample material, laser parameters, surrounding atmosphere and the binder material used for the pellet formation especially for the analysis of samples in powder forms [9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19].…”

Section: Calibration Curves For Contaminated Soil Samplementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recent advances in hardware components, lasers, detectors and spectrometers have made LIBS technique more attractive for industrial and environmental analysis [16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23]. It is an emerging technique for rapid and accurate analysis of solid waste.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…contaminated) locations. Moreover, LIBS consumes a small sample (<1 g) which allows for discreet elemental analysis of individual particles, and the analysis of certain elements outside the capability of other current field portable techniques [16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

On-line monitoring of remediation process of chromium polluted soil using LIBS

Gondal¹,

Hussain²,

Yamani³

et al. 2009

Journal of Hazardous Materials

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Section: Calibration Curves For Contaminated Soil Samplementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

On-line monitoring of remediation process of chromium polluted soil using LIBS

Gondal¹,

Hussain²,

Yamani³

et al. 2009

Journal of Hazardous Materials

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“…(Amoruso et al, 1996, Choi et al, 1999Torres et al, 2004). Sin embargo, estudios de coincidencias fotón-ión, han demostrado la mayor sensibilidad de las técnicas basadas en la detección de masas (Vadillo et al, 2005).…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Caracterización de las Distribuciones de Energía Cinética en los Iones Producidos por Ablación Láser de Metales

et al. 2009

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*autor a quien debe ser dirigida la correspondencia ResumenSe han determinado las distribuciones de energía cinética de los iones producidos por ablación láser pulsada de nanosegundos, sobre Al, Cu y Fe a 532 nm en el vacío. El sistema experimental utilizado es un espectrómetro de masas dotado de un analizador electrostático de energías y un tubo de vuelo. Los perfiles de energía obtenidos se ajustan a distribuciones de Maxwell-Boltzmann con una componente de Coulomb debida a la aceleración de los iones por el intenso campo eléctrico producido tras la emisión de electrones. A fluencias bajas de láser las distribuciones son sencillas, pero a fluencias elevadas el comportamiento es complejo, con recombinaciones e ionizaciones. El estudio de estas distribuciones permite obtener una valiosa información acerca de los procesos que dan lugar a la formación de los iones y de las mejores condiciones para obtener haces de iones de energía cinética predeterminada con fines tecnológicos. Palabras clave: ablación láser, plasmas, energías cinéticas, ionización de metales, iones Characterization of Kinetic Energy Distributions of Ions Produced by Laser Ablation Of Metals AbstractKinetic energy distributions have been determined for ions produced by laser ablation with 532 nm nanosecond pulses on Al, Cu and Fe in vacuum. The experiments were carried out in a mass spectrometer that includes an electrostatic energy analyzer and a flight tube. The energy profiles obtained fit Maxwell-Boltzmann distributions with a Coulomb component, which reveals that ions are accelerated by the intense electric field produced after electrons are emitted. While at low laser fluences simple distributions are observed, the behaviour is more complex at higher fluences, due to the presence of recombination and ionization processes. The study of these energy distributions allows obtaining valuable information about the processes that produce the ions and of the best experimental conditions necessary to produce ion beams with specific kinetic energies for technological applications.

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“…In both studies, UV lasers were used, and these could help in the reduction of thermal effects and in differentiating between the ionization and the melting processes. Experiments in ion‐photon coincidence with 532‐nm photons revealed that ionization thresholds occur at fluences below the plasma formation threshold15 and, thus, ion monitoring provides direct and useful evidence of laser‐matter interaction at the low fluence regime under photothermal ablation.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Two‐pulse delayed 532‐nm laser ionization of metals using collinear sub‐threshold beams

Alcántara

Vadillo

Laserna

2008

Rapid Comm Mass Spectrometry

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Two frequency-doubled Nd:YAG lasers collinearly aligned were used to ionize different metals at specific interpulse delays. The beams were independently operated in order to attain full control over the energy. Each laser beam was always set at fluences below the ionization threshold and an evaluation of the effect that the interpulse delay has on the material ionization and the LIMS signal was performed. The different metallic targets studied (Cu, Si, Al, Ti, Fe, 314 AISI stainless steel) exhibit a characteristic ionization feature consisting of a clear enhancement in the ionization yield at interpulse delays around 60 ns when analyzed as pure foils. In addition, an improvement in the spectral resolution is observed at the specific interpulse delay. Our results indicate that proper control of the energy allows optimization of the different steps in the ionization process and they suggest that the effect of the first laser pulse impinging on the surface enhances the way in which the second pulse interacts with the solid.

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Thermal-to-plasma transitions and energy thresholds in laser ablated metals monitored by atomic emission/mass spectrometry coincidence analysis

Cited by 30 publications

References 13 publications

On-line monitoring of remediation process of chromium polluted soil using LIBS

On-line monitoring of remediation process of chromium polluted soil using LIBS

Caracterización de las Distribuciones de Energía Cinética en los Iones Producidos por Ablación Láser de Metales

Two‐pulse delayed 532‐nm laser ionization of metals using collinear sub‐threshold beams

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