Thermal spin current generation in the multifunctional ferrimagnet Ga$_{0.6}$Fe$_{1.4}$O$_{3}$

Spin Seebeck Effect: Sensitive Probe for Elementary Excitation, Spin Correlation, Transport, Magnetic Order, and Domains in Solids

“…Materials used for LSSE measurements are listed in Reference 2 (see their figure 2). Recent updates include ferromagnetic EuO (15); 2D ferromagnetic Cr 2 Si 2 Te 6 and Cr 2 Ge 2 Te 6 (16,17); ferrimagnetic garnet ferrites R 3 Fe 5 O 12 (R = Eu, Tb, Dy, or Tm; [18][19][20], Y 3−x R x Fe 5 O 12 with R being 14 rare-earth elements from La to Lu (except for Pm; 21), and Lu 2 Bi 1 Fe 4 Ga 1 O 12 (22); spinel ferrites ZnFe 2 O 4 (23), γ -Fe 2 O 3 (24), LiFe 5 O 8 (25), Ni 0.65 Zn 0.35 Al 0.8 Fe 1.2 O 4 (26), and Mg 0.5−δ Mn 0.5 Fe 2 O 4 (27); Y-type hexagonal ferrites Ba 2 Co 2 Fe 12 O 22 and Ba 2 Zn 2 Fe 12 O 22 (28); orthorhombic ferrimagnetic ε-Fe 2 O 3 (29); molecular-based ferrimagnetic Cr II [Cr III (CN) 6 ] (30); multiferroic ferrimagnetic Ga 0.6 Fe 1.4 O 3 (31); various antiferromagnetic (AF) insulators such as NiO (32)(33)(34)(35), FeF 2 (36), α-Fe 2 O 3 (37,38), MnCO 3 (39), α-Cu 2 V 2 O 7 (40), SrFeO 3 (41), SrMnO 3 (42), DyFeO 3 (43), LaFeO 3 (44), LuFeO 3 (45), and FePS 3 (46); other intriguing materials including a chiral helimagnet Cu 2 OSeO 3 with a skyrmion lattice phase (47,48); and quantum magnets Sr 2 CuO 3 (49,50), CuGeO 3 (51), Pb 2 V 3 O 9 (52), and LiCuVO 4 (53). In particular, the ferrimagnetic insulator YIG has been essential …”