Thermal sensing in fluid at the micro-nano-scales

Yang, Fan; Yang, Nana; Huo, Xiaoye; Xu, Shengyong

doi:10.1063/1.5037421

Cited by 18 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 205 publications

(258 reference statements)

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“…Indeed, temperature control in a microfluidic platform is often required to manage many physical, chemical, and biological applications [3]. Furthermore, temperature information in microscopic space around novel nanomaterials is key to evaluate the performance of the photothermal effect in nanomaterials for hyperthermia [4,5]. Additionally, thin liquid film is often used to enhance thermal transport between two solid plates as a thermal interface material (TIM).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fluorescence Anisotropy as a Temperature-Sensing Molecular Probe Using Fluorescein

2021

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Fluorescence anisotropy, a technique to study the folding state of proteins or affinity of ligands, is used in this present work as a temperature sensor, to measure the microfluidic temperature field, by adding fluorophore in the liquid. Fluorescein was used as a temperature-sensing probe, while glycerol–aq. ammonia solution was used as a working fluid. Fluorescence anisotropy of fluorescein was measured by varying various parameters. Apart from this, a comparison of fluorescence anisotropy and fluorescence intensity is also performed to demonstrate the validity of anisotropy to be applied in a microfluidic field with non-uniform liquid thickness. Viscosity dependence and temperature dependence on the anisotropy are also clarified; the results indicate an appropriate selection of relation between molecule size and viscosity is important to obtain a large temperature coefficient in anisotropy. Furthermore, a practical calibration procedure of the apparatus constant is proposed. In addition, the potential of temperature imaging is confirmed by the measurement of temperature distribution under focused laser heating.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fluorescence Anisotropy as a Temperature-Sensing Molecular Probe Using Fluorescein

2021

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“…The key challenge here is to design and fabricate a smart on-chip device to effectively integrate thermal measurement sensors with fluidic nanochannels/nanopores while simultaneously ensuring thermal isolation and minimizing sensor–fluid interactions. The recent developments of on-chip calorimetry and temperature sensing in microfluidic devices provide some inspiration and guidance to address this challenge. At the same time, scanning probe microscopy (SPM) has been applied to detect nanoscale liquid properties from a liquid film confined between the probe and substrate.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring Anomalous Fluid Behavior at the Nanoscale: Direct Visualization and Quantification via Nanofluidic Devices

et al. 2020

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Conspectus Nanofluidics is the study of fluids under nanoscale confinement, where small-scale effects dictate fluid physics and continuum assumptions are no longer fully valid. At this scale, because of large surface-area-to-volume ratios, the fluid interaction with boundaries becomes more pronounced, and both short-range steric/hydration forces and long-range van der Waals forces and electrostatic forces dictate fluid behavior. These forces lead to a spectrum of anomalous transport and thermodynamic phenomena such as ultrafast water flow, enhanced ion transport, extreme phase transition temperatures, and slow biomolecule diffusion, which have been the subject of extensive computational studies. Experimental quantification of these phenomena was also enabled by the advent of nanofluidic technology, which has transformed challenging nanoscale fluid measurements into facile optical and electrical recordings. Our groups’ focus is to investigate nanoscale (2 to 103 nm) fluid behaviors in the context of fluid mechanics and thermodynamics through the development of novel nanofluidic tools, to examine the applicability of classical equations at the nanoscale, to identify the source of deviations, and to explore new physics emerging at this scale. In this Account, we summarize our recent findings regarding liquid transport, vaporization, and condensation of nanoscale-confined liquids. Our study of nanoscale water transport identified an additional resistance in hydrophilic nanochannels, attributed to the reduced cross-sectional area caused by the formation of an immobile hydration layer on the surfaces. In contrast, a reduction in flow resistance was discovered in graphene-coated hydrophobic nanochannels, due to water slippage on the graphene surface. In the context of vaporization, the kinetic-limited evaporation flux was measured and found to exceed the classical theoretical prediction by an order of magnitude in hydrophilic nanochannels/nanopores as a result of the thin film evaporation outside of the apertures. This factor was eliminated by modifying the hydrophobicity of the aperture’s exterior surface, enabling the identification of the true kinetic limits inside nanoconfinements and a crucial confinement-dependent evaporation coefficient. The transport-limited evaporation dynamics was also quantified, where experimental results confirmed the parallel diffusion–convection resistance model in both single nanoconduits and nanoporous systems at high accuracy. Furthermore, we have extended our studies to different aspects of condensation in nanoscale-confined spaces. The initiation of condensation for a single-component hydrocarbon was observed to follow the Kelvin equation, whereas for hydrocarbon mixtures it deviated from classical theory because of surface-selective adsorption, which has been corroborated by simulations. Moreover, the condensation dynamics deviates from the bulk and is governed by either vapor transport or liquid transport depending on the confinement scale. Overall, by using novel nanofluidic devic...

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“…The development of thermophoretic micron-scale devices requires the precise measurement of temperatures with a high spatial resolution of

(0.1–1

m), because a temperature measurement with an accuracy of 0.1 K are causing already a 10% error of a

T of 1 K. An overview about temperature measurements in devices on the micro- and nano-scale are given in two recent reviews [ 88 , 89 ].…”

Section: Temperature Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermophoretic Micron-Scale Devices: Practical Approach and Review

Lee

Wiegand

2020

Entropy

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In recent years, there has been increasing interest in the development of micron-scale devices utilizing thermal gradients to manipulate molecules and colloids, and to measure their thermophoretic properties quantitatively. Various devices have been realized, such as on-chip implements, micro-thermogravitational columns and other micron-scale thermophoretic cells. The advantage of the miniaturized devices lies in the reduced sample volume. Often, a direct observation of particles using various microscopic techniques is possible. On the other hand, the small dimensions lead to some technical problems, such as a precise temperature measurement on small length scale with high spatial resolution. In this review, we will focus on the “state of the art” thermophoretic micron-scale devices, covering various aspects such as generating temperature gradients, temperature measurement, and the analysis of the current micron-scale devices. We want to give researchers an orientation for their development of thermophoretic micron-scale devices for biological, chemical, analytical, and medical applications.

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Thermal sensing in fluid at the micro-nano-scales

Cited by 18 publications

References 205 publications

Fluorescence Anisotropy as a Temperature-Sensing Molecular Probe Using Fluorescein

Fluorescence Anisotropy as a Temperature-Sensing Molecular Probe Using Fluorescein

Exploring Anomalous Fluid Behavior at the Nanoscale: Direct Visualization and Quantification via Nanofluidic Devices

Thermophoretic Micron-Scale Devices: Practical Approach and Review

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