Thermal Energy Harvesting on the Bodily Surfaces of Arms and Legs through a Wearable Thermo-Electric Generator

Proto, Antonino; Bibbo, Daniele; Cerny, Martin; Vala, David; Kasik, Vladimir; Peter, Lukas; Conforto, Silvia; Schmid, Maurizio; Penhaker, Marek

doi:10.3390/s18061927

Cited by 42 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…Thermoelectric generators are widely utilized in wearable devices because the human body is a constant heat source with a temperature difference with the ambient temperature most of the time [86]. Wearable thermoelectric generators also contribute to clinical medicine through harvesting energy from the human body to support wearable electronics for health condition monitoring to avoid frequent battery replacement [87,88,89].…”

Section: Energy Harvesting Techniques and Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Energy Harvesting Technologies for Achieving Self-Powered Wireless Sensor Networks in Machine Condition Monitoring: A Review

Tang

Wang

Cattley

et al. 2018

Sensors

183

106

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Condition monitoring can reduce machine breakdown losses, increase productivity and operation safety, and therefore deliver significant benefits to many industries. The emergence of wireless sensor networks (WSNs) with smart processing ability play an ever-growing role in online condition monitoring of machines. WSNs are cost-effective networking systems for machine condition monitoring. It avoids cable usage and eases system deployment in industry, which leads to significant savings. Powering the nodes is one of the major challenges for a true WSN system, especially when positioned at inaccessible or dangerous locations and in harsh environments. Promising energy harvesting technologies have attracted the attention of engineers because they convert microwatt or milliwatt level power from the environment to implement maintenance-free machine condition monitoring systems with WSNs. The motivation of this review is to investigate the energy sources, stimulate the application of energy harvesting based WSNs, and evaluate the improvement of energy harvesting systems for mechanical condition monitoring. This paper overviews the principles of a number of energy harvesting technologies applicable to industrial machines by investigating the power consumption of WSNs and the potential energy sources in mechanical systems. Many models or prototypes with different features are reviewed, especially in the mechanical field. Energy harvesting technologies are evaluated for further development according to the comparison of their advantages and disadvantages. Finally, a discussion of the challenges and potential future research of energy harvesting systems powering WSNs for machine condition monitoring is made.

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Section: Energy Harvesting Techniques and Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Energy Harvesting Technologies for Achieving Self-Powered Wireless Sensor Networks in Machine Condition Monitoring: A Review

Tang

Wang

Cattley

et al. 2018

Sensors

183

106

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show abstract

“…The experimental evaluation with different TIL thicknesses indicates that a TIL of less thickness and high thermal conductivity is preferred for wearable designs. The performance of the flexible TES1-12704 module for harvesting thermal energy directly from the leg, while walking or jogging, was found to be 5 to 50 µW [116].…”

Section: Flexible Thermoelectric Generatorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Design of a Thermoelectric Generator and Its Medical Applications

Kumar

Babu

Subramanian

et al. 2019

Designs

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Growing energy demands are driving people to generate power in every possible way. New energy sources are needed to plug the energy gap. There is a growing interest in distributed energy generation due to its remarkable advantages such as flexibility, reliability, adaptability and minimal transmission losses. Thermoelectric generators (TEGs) are one such distributed power source that relies on thermal energy for electricity generation. The current review focusses on the design and optimization of TEGs to maximize the power output from the available thermal sources. The basic principle of thermoelectricity generation and suitable architecture for specific applications are explained with an overview of materials and manufacturing processes. Various cooling techniques to dissipate heat from the cold side and their influence on overall efficiency are reviewed in this work. Applications of TEGs for powering biomedical sensors have been discussed in detail. Recent advancements in TEGs for various implantable devices and their power requirements are evaluated. The exploitation of TEGs to generate power for wearable sensors has been presented, along with published experimental data. It is envisioned that this study will provide profound knowledge on TEG design for specific applications, which will be helpful for future endeavours.

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“…(1) (2) where V O = voltage generated by TEG α TEG = Seebeck coefficient T hot = temperature at the hot side of the TEG T cold = temperature at the cold side of the TEG P TEG = power generated by TEG I O = current generated by TEG Various type of application in heat to electrical energy conversion involving TEG documented in [15,16]. These had cover from a various heat source such as solar, vehicle engines or components, air conditioning unit and even body heat [17]. In practice, a set of TEG will be installed together, either in series or in parallel to increase the output [18,19].…”

Section: B Thermoelectric Generator (Teg)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Renewable Energy from Cooking Stove Waste Heat Energy using Thermoelectric Generator for Night Market Application

Wahap*,

Maslan,

Harun

et al. 2019

IJRTE

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Malaysia night market normally operated along a temporarily closed road. No electrical power provided by the authorities and therefore hawkers need to prepare their own. Currently, they are working with gasoline-electric generator. On top of the cost incurred, they also need to consume exhaust gas and noise from the machine. Further, this situation will also affect customers. With a high percentage of the hawkers involve with cooking activities using the LPG gas stove, excess heat is one of the potential energy which can be converted into electrical energy using a thermoelectric generator (TEG). The aim of this study is to convert the excess heat available used to powered night market electrical facilities. A set of experiments was conducted utilizing five units of TEG connected in series to convert excess heat from a butane gas stove to electrical power. The temperature at both the hot and cold sides of the TEG was recorded used to analyze the effect of power produced. Two electrical parameters namely voltage and current outputs were measured used to calculate the electrical power generated. The analysis focused on the two main governing parameters namely temperature different and Seebeck coefficient toward power generated. It was found that only some amount of excess heat was converted which produced up to 46.8 mW electrical power. This is based on the high temperature recorded at the cold side of the TEG. The almost constant trend showed in temperature different was contributed to a small magnitude of the Seebeck coefficient and so for the power generated. The trend showed by the power generated was also almost constant even the temperature on the hot side keep increasing. The energy conversion process was considered success and can be further increased by increasing the number of TEG units used as well as by incorporating a cooling mechanism as practiced by many researchers.

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Thermal Energy Harvesting on the Bodily Surfaces of Arms and Legs through a Wearable Thermo-Electric Generator

Cited by 42 publications

References 49 publications

Energy Harvesting Technologies for Achieving Self-Powered Wireless Sensor Networks in Machine Condition Monitoring: A Review

Energy Harvesting Technologies for Achieving Self-Powered Wireless Sensor Networks in Machine Condition Monitoring: A Review

The Design of a Thermoelectric Generator and Its Medical Applications

Renewable Energy from Cooking Stove Waste Heat Energy using Thermoelectric Generator for Night Market Application

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