Therapeutic Potential of Quercetin in the Management of Type-2 Diabetes Mellitus

Abstract

Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a metabolic disorder that is spreading alarmingly around the globe. Type-2 DM (T2DM) is characterized by low-grade inflammation and insulin resistance and is closely linked to obesity. T2DM is mainly controlled by lifestyle/dietary changes and oral antidiabetic drugs but requires insulin in severe cases. Many of the drugs that are currently used to treat DM are costly and present adverse side effects. Several cellular, animal, and clinical studies have provided compelling evidence that flavonoids have therapeutic potential in the management of diabetes and its complications. Quercetin is a flavonoid, present in various natural sources, which has demonstrated in vitro and in vivo antidiabetic properties. It improves oral glucose tolerance, as well as pancreatic β-cell function to secrete insulin. It inhibits the α-glucosidase and DPP-IV enzymes, which prolong the half-life of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP). Quercetin also suppresses the release of pro-inflammatory markers such as IL-1β, IL-4, IL-6, and TNF-α. Further studies are warranted to elucidate the mode(s) of action of quercetin at the molecular level. This review demonstrates the therapeutic potential of quercetin in the management of T2DM.

Enhancement of nutraceutical and anti-diabetic potential of fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum). Sprouts with natural elicitors

“…On the other-hand, trigonelline improves the insulin signalling pathway, attenuates the endoplasmic reticulum stress and oxidative stress in type 2 diabetic rats, and affects the regeneration of pancreatic islet β-cells, the secretion of insulin, and glucose metabolizing enzymes, and diosgenin protects the pancreatic islet β-cells and up-regulates the hepatic glucose kinase ( Sun et al, 2020 ). ( Ansari et al, 2022 ). In the present study, quercetin and trigonelline content of IM6E was found to be in higher concentration than diosgenin.…”

Mechanistic Insights into the Ameliorative Effect of Cichoriin on Diabetic Rats—Assisted with an In Silico Approach

“…The current antidiabetic drugs are designed to alleviate DM and its associated complications, but they are costly and demonstrate remarkable adverse side effects. Phytoconstituents have traditionally emerged as a treatment for DM, particularly as they are inexpensive and have a good reputation for presenting fewer side effects [ 35 ]. In this context, there is a necessity to explore and develop new natural antidiabetic candidates.…”

Flavonoids Biosynthesis in Plants as a Defense Mechanism: Role and Function Concerning Pharmacodynamics and Pharmacokinetic Properties

“…By decreasing caspase-3 proteins and glucotoxicity and lipotoxic effects by reducing Akt and Bcl-2 anti-apoptotic activities, activating signaling pathways guards against apoptosis in cells. In chronic hyperglycemia or hyperlipidemia, Àcell survival is improved by cAMP-mediated signaling [174,175]. As previously noted, kaempferol is a special antidiabetic chemical.…”