Therapeutic Ionizing Radiation and the Incidence of Basal Cell Carcinoma and Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Lichter, M; Mott, Leila A.; Spencer, Steven K.; Stukel, Thérèse A.; Greenberg, E. Robert

doi:10.1001/archderm.136.8.1007

Cited by 196 publications

(137 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…In more recent studies, an increased risk of skin cancer has been reported among persons exposed to X-rays and among atomic bomb survivors; however the cancers included more basal cell carcinomas (39). A study from New Hampshire in the United States suggests an increased risk of both basal-cell and squamous-cell carcinomas due to exposure to X-rays (40).…”

Section: Period Of First Employmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cancer risk among 43 000 Norwegian nurses

Lie¹,

Andersen²,

Kjærheim³

2007

Scand J Work Environ Health

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Section: Period Of First Employmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cancer risk among 43 000 Norwegian nurses

Lie¹,

Andersen²,

Kjærheim³

2007

Scand J Work Environ Health

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“…Bladder cancer cases were identified by a rapid reporting system of the New Hampshire State Cancer Registry (Karagas et al, 1998). Study participants completed an extensive administered questionnaire to obtain information on demographic traits and carcinogen exposure (described in Lichter et al, 2000). Pathology reports and paraffin-embedded tumor specimens were requested from the treating physician/pathology laboratories.…”

Section: Study Populationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microsatellite instability at tetranucleotide repeats in skin and bladder cancer

et al. 2002

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Recently, a novel form of MSI has been described that occurs only at tetranucleotide repeat markers. This has been termed elevated microsatellite instability at selected tetranucleotide repeats (EMAST). EMAST has been related to alterations of the p53 gene, and to the nature of the repeat sequence. We initially tested whether loss of heterozygosity (LOH) at the p53 and the patched (ptch) genes was related to EMAST in a series of 61 non-melanoma skin cancer (NMSC) tumors. We then analysed a series of 57 primary bladder cancers for the presence of EMAST, testing whether this was related to mutation or expression of the p53 gene. In both NMSC and bladder tumors we found a high prevalence of EMAST (75.4 and 43.9%). In NMSC the prevalence of EMAST was higher in tumors that had either p53 or ptch LOH, although the difference was not statistically significant. There was a significant association of extensive EMAST (three or more loci) with mutations in p53 among the bladder cancer tumors, but no indication of elevated EMAST in tumors with abnormal p53 staining without mutation. The association of EMAST with p53 mutation was confined to non-invasive disease. Hence, EMAST likely reflects a particular pattern of somatic events that are interactive with p53 mutation, particularly common in skin cancer and limited to non-invasive disease in bladder cancer.

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“…1 These skin cancers were mostly squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs) and occurred at the site of dermatitis caused by exposure to excessive local doses of ionizing radiation (IR). 2,3 More recent studies of patients irradiated for medical reasons [4][5][6][7][8][9] and Japanese atomic bomb survivors 10,11 have shown an excess risk of skin cancer, particularly basal cell carcinoma (BCC). Medically irradiated patients were mostly exposed to moderately high and fractionated doses of IR early in life.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Nonmelanoma skin cancer in relation to ionizing radiation exposure among U.S. radiologic technologists

Yoshinaga

Hauptmann

Sigurdson

et al. 2005

Intl Journal of Cancer

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Ionizing radiation (IR) is an established cause of nonmelanoma skin cancer, but there is uncertainty about the risk associated with chronic occupational exposure to IR and how it is influenced by ultraviolet radiation (UVR) exposure. We studied 1,355 incident cases with basal cell carcinoma (BCC) and 270 with squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the skin in a cohort of 65,304 U.S. white radiologic technologists who responded to the baseline questionnaire survey in 1983-1989 and the follow-up survey in 1994-1998. Cox's proportional-hazards model was used to estimate relative risks of BCC and SCC associated with surrogate measures of occupational exposure to IR and residential UVR exposure during childhood and adulthood, adjusted for potential confounders including pigmentation characteristics. Relative risks of BCC, but not of SCC, were elevated among technologists who first worked during the 1950s (RR = 1.42; 95% CI = 1.12-1.80), 1940s (RR = 2.04; 95% CI = 1.44-2.88) and before 1940 (RR = 2.16; 95% CI = 1.14-4.09), when IR exposures were high, compared to those who first worked after 1960 (p for trend < 0.01). The effect of year first worked on BCC risk was not modified by UVR exposure, but was significantly stronger among individuals with lighter compared to darker eye and hair color ( p = 0.013 and 0.027, respectively). This study provides some evidence that chronic occupational exposure to IR at low to moderate levels can increase the risk of BCC, and that this risk may be modified by pigmentation characteristics. Published 2005 Wiley-Liss, Inc.Key words: epidemiology; occupational exposure; ionizing radiation; nonmelanoma skin cancer; ultraviolet radiation Radiation-induced skin cancers were first recognized among early radiologists several years after the discovery of X-rays in 1895.1 These skin cancers were mostly squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs) and occurred at the site of dermatitis caused by exposure to excessive local doses of ionizing radiation (IR). 2,3 More recent studies of patients irradiated for medical reasons 4-9 and Japanese atomic bomb survivors 10,11 have shown an excess risk of skin cancer, particularly basal cell carcinoma (BCC). Medically irradiated patients were mostly exposed to moderately high and fractionated doses of IR early in life. The Japanese atomic bomb survivors received a single exposure to IR at a wide range of doses and ages. In both situations, the excess BCC risk persisted for decades after exposure. A marked dependence of BCC risk on age at exposure, i.e., higher risk associated with younger age at exposure, was observed.11,12 BCC risk at low doses, which is currently uncertain, is of special public health interest because of the large number of people who are exposed to low-dose radiation in medical, occupational and other environments.An ongoing cohort study of a large number of U.S. radiologic technologists enabled us to evaluate the risk of nonmelanoma skin cancer (NMSC) in relation to occupational exposure to IR at a low to moderate dose level. We previously reported an ...

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Therapeutic Ionizing Radiation and the Incidence of Basal Cell Carcinoma and Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Cited by 196 publications

References 15 publications

Cancer risk among 43 000 Norwegian nurses

Cancer risk among 43 000 Norwegian nurses

Microsatellite instability at tetranucleotide repeats in skin and bladder cancer

Nonmelanoma skin cancer in relation to ionizing radiation exposure among U.S. radiologic technologists

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