The very low density lipoprotein receptor is not necessary for maintaining brain polyunsaturated fatty acid concentrations

Rahman, Tupur; Taha, Ameer Y.; Song, Byung Jun; Orr, Sarah; Liu, Zhen; Chen, Chuck T.; Bazinet, Richard P.

doi:10.1016/j.plefa.2009.11.003

Cited by 35 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 65 publications

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“…The cortical, cerebellar, hippocampal, and remainder of brain total phospholipid and phospholipid fraction esterified fatty acid as well as cholesterol concentrations from wild-type mice in this study are consistent with other reports [22,23,53,56] and slight discrepancies may be due to differences in diet and brain region analysis [1,57]. Although the majority of fatty acids were not statistically different, small decreases in monounsaturated fatty acids were detected in total phospholipids and the major phospholipid classes of CD36 -/-mice.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…It has been shown that the low density and very low density lipoprotein receptors are not necessary for maintaining brain PUFA levels, suggesting that other mechanisms exist and are sufficient [22,23]. Recently the rates of uptake of DHA and arachidonic acid into brain phospholipids from the plasma unesterified pool have been shown to approximate their respective rate of consumption by the brain, suggesting that plasma unesterified fatty acids are a major pool for brain fatty acid uptake [24][25][26].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Genetic Ablation of CD36 Does not Alter Mouse Brain Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Concentrations

Song

Elbert

Rahman

et al. 2010

Lipids

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In the brain, polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), especially arachidonic acid and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), are required for regulating membrane fluidity, neuronal survival and signal transduction. Since the brain cannot synthesize n-6 and n-3 PUFA de novo, they must be supplied from the blood. However, the methods of PUFA entry into the brain are not agreed upon. This study tested the necessity of CD36, a candidate transporter of unesterified fatty acids, for maintaining brain PUFA concentrations by comparing brain PUFA concentrations in CD36(-/-) mice to their wild-type littermates. Because CD36(-/-) mice have been reported to have impaired learning ability, the PUFA concentrations in different brain regions (cortex, hippocampus, cerebellum and the remainder of brain) were investigated. At 9 weeks of age, the brain was separated into the four regions and fatty acid concentrations in total and phospholipid classes of these brain regions were analyzed using thin layer and gas chromatography. There were no statistical differences in arachidonic acid or DHA concentrations in the different brain regions between wild-type and CD36(-/-) mice, in total or phospholipid fractions. Concentrations of monounsaturated fatty acids were decreased in several phospholipid fractions in CD36(-/-) mice. These findings suggest that CD36 is not necessary for maintaining brain PUFA concentrations and that other mechanisms must exist.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic Ablation of CD36 Does not Alter Mouse Brain Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Concentrations

Song

Elbert

Rahman

et al. 2010

Lipids

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“…Deletion of CD36, an unesterifi ed FA binding protein, in mice does not reduce brain DHA ( 31 ). Similar results were obtained for VLDL receptor-null mice ( 32 ). Consistent with the present data, albumin-bound sn-1-lyso-2-DHA-PC is more effi ciently incorporated into brain PLs in the rat compared with unesterifi ed DHA ( 33,34 ).…”

Section: Downloaded Fromsupporting

confidence: 90%

Higher efficacy of dietary DHA provided as a phospholipid than as a triglyceride for brain DHA accretion in neonatal piglets

Liu

Bartke

Daele

et al. 2014

Journal of Lipid Research

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“…Knowing concentrations of unesterified α-LNA and LA is particularly important for understanding liver synthesis of longer chain n-3 (including DHA) and n-6 (including AA) PUFAs, since unesterified but not esterified fatty acids are selectively incorporated into brain (Purdon et al 1997;Smith and Nagura 2001;DeMar et al 2004;Rahman et al 2010). Although this study focused on n-3 PUFA kinetics and concentrations, future studies should test the effects of aging on n-6 PUFA liver kinetics.…”

Section: Ementioning

confidence: 99%

RETRACTED ARTICLE: Aging decreases rate of docosahexaenoic acid synthesis-secretion from circulating unesterified α-linolenic acid by rat liver

Gao

Taha

et al. 2012

AGE

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Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA,, an n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) found at high concentrations in brain and retina and critical to their function, can be obtained from fish products or be synthesized from circulating α-linolenic acid (α-LNA, 18:3n-3) mainly in the liver. With aging, liver synthetic enzymes are reported reduced or unchanged in the rat. To test whether liver synthesis-secretion of DHA from α-LNA changes with age, we measured whole-body DHA conversion coefficients and rates in unanesthetized adult male Fischer-344 rats aged 10, 20, or 30 months, fed an eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA, 20:5n-3)-and DHAcontaining diet. Unesterified [U-13 C]α-LNA bound to albumin was infused intravenously for 2 h, while [ 13 C]-esterified n-3 PUFAs were measured in arterial plasma, as were unlabeled unesterified and esterified PUFA concentrations. Plasma unesterified n-3 PUFA concentrations declined with age, but esterified n-3 PUFA concentrations did not change significantly. Calculated conversion coefficients were not changed significantly with age, whereas synthesis-secretion rates (product of conversion coefficient and unesterified plasma α-LNA concentration) of esterified DHA and n-3 DPA were reduced. Turnovers of esterified n-3 PUFAs in plasma decreased with age, whereas half-lives increased. The results suggest that hepatic capacity to synthesize DHA and other n-3 PUFAs from circulating α-LNA is maintained with age in the rat, but that reduced plasma α-LNA availability reduces net synthesis-secretion. As unesterified plasma DHA is the form that is incorporated preferentially into brain phospholipid, its reduced synthesis may be deleterious to brain function in aged rats.

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The very low density lipoprotein receptor is not necessary for maintaining brain polyunsaturated fatty acid concentrations

Cited by 35 publications

References 65 publications

Genetic Ablation of CD36 Does not Alter Mouse Brain Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Concentrations

Genetic Ablation of CD36 Does not Alter Mouse Brain Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Concentrations

Higher efficacy of dietary DHA provided as a phospholipid than as a triglyceride for brain DHA accretion in neonatal piglets

RETRACTED ARTICLE: Aging decreases rate of docosahexaenoic acid synthesis-secretion from circulating unesterified α-linolenic acid by rat liver

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