The venous thromboembolism prophylaxis in patients receiving thoracic surgery: A systematic review

Abstract

Objectives: Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is a significant and preventable cause of mortality and morbidity in thoracic surgery. It usually deep venous thromboembolism (DVT) and pulmonary thromboembolism (PE). We conducted this article to perform a systematic review on prophylaxis of perioperative VTE in patients undergoing thoracic surgery especially lung surgery and esophageal surgery and to identify potential areas for future research. Methods:The systematic review we conducted included studies of patients undergoing thoracic surgery especially lung surgery and esophageal surgery Results:The study identified 2621 references. Finally, 22 trials with a total of 9072 patients were included. Only six studies declared that they continued a follow-up after the discharge of the patients. (range: 1-3 months); three studies reported on major bleeding events as an outcome measure, and the incidence varied from 0.8% to 1.6%.Total 346 VTEs occurred, and the overall mean risk of VTE was estimated at 3.8% (range: 0.77-27%). Conclusions:The evidence for using thromboprophylaxis in thoracic surgery is limited and controversial, predominantly based on clinical consensus. Future research is needed to focus on identifying risk of VTE and providing sufficient evidence with high quality to support clinical strategies concerning the prophylaxis for VTE.

Correlation between clinicopathological characteristics of lung adenocarcinoma and the risk of venous thromboembolism

“…VTE is a major source of postoperative morbidity and mortality for patients undergoing thoracic surgery. 20 , 21 VTE events mostly occur during hospitalization, including the perioperative period, and subsequent examinations or treatments, which support that hospitalization is an independent risk factor for VTE. 22 , 23 , 24 In addition, most VTE events in this study were found in the lower extremities which is in agreement with previously reported studies.…”

“…VTE is a common complication for lung adenocarcinoma patients who undergo surgery, especially during the perioperative process and hospitalization. VTE is a major source of postoperative morbidity and mortality for patients undergoing thoracic surgery 20,21 . VTE events mostly occur during hospitalization, including the perioperative period, and subsequent examinations or treatments, which support that hospitalization is an independent risk factor for VTE 22–24 .…”

Association of abnormal NDUFB2 and UQCRH expression with venous thromboembolism in patients with liver cirrhosis

“…Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is a common disease with multiple factors and high mortality caused by venous blood stasis syndrome, vascular endothelial cell injury, hypercoagulable state and so on. [ 15 , 16 ] Severe venous thromboembolism in the acute stage can lead to lower limb gangrene and even fatal pulmonary embolism, which is a direct threat to the safety of patients. Anticoagulant therapy is the main treatment, and surgical thrombectomy is feasible in severe cases.…”

Correlation between type of surgery and incidence of postoperative venous thromboembolism (VTE)

“…A history of VTE, getting older, being obese, having left or right ventricular failure, being mechanically ventilated for an extended period, using a central venous catheter, and not using any anticoagulant or antiplatelet medications are all risk factors for VTE after cardiac surgery. [31][32][33] The occurrence of DVT and PE during digestive surgery is expected to range from 2.75 to 8.9%, with colorectal cancer and inflammatory bowel disease being the primary risk factors. For liver resection and significant abdominal surgery without prophylaxis, the prevalence of VTE was 0.7 and 0.5%, respectively.…”