The vanadium redox-battery: an efficient storage unit for photovoltaic systems

Fabjan, Ch.; Garche, Jürgen; Harrer, Bernhard; Jörissen, Ludwig; Kolbeck, Claudia; Philippi, Frederik; Tomazic, Gerd; Wagner, Frederick T.

doi:10.1016/s0013-4686(01)00763-0

Cited by 229 publications

(115 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…In both Germany and Austria, on the other hand, there is interest in applying energy storage technologies to regulate intermittent renewable energy supply [7,9]. In Austria, Cellstrom GmbH (established 2002) is now marketing an all-vanadium battery design for distributed energy and voltage output moderation from PV and windbased renewables [21]. Production of a 100 kW h capacity flow battery (10 kW; 10 h) began in 2008, for sale within Europe only [80].…”

Section: The Pathway To Commercialisation and Incentives For Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of the all-vanadium redox flow battery for energy storage: a review of technological, financial and policy aspects

Kear

Shah

Walsh

2011

Int. J. Energy Res.

635

391

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SUMMARYThe commercial development and current economic incentives associated with energy storage using redox flow batteries (RFBs) are summarised. The analysis is focused on the all-vanadium system, which is the most studied and widely commercialised RFB. The recent expiry of key patents relating to the electrochemistry of this battery has contributed to significant levels of commercialisation in, for example, Austria, China and Thailand, as well as pilot-scale developments in many countries. The potential benefits of increasing battery-based energy storage for electricity grid load levelling and MW-scale wind/solar photovoltaic-based power generation are now being realised at an increasing level. Commercial systems are being applied to distributed systems utilising kW-scale renewable energy flows. Factors limiting the uptake of all-vanadium (and other) redox flow batteries include a comparatively high overall internal costs of $217 kW −1 h −1 and the high cost of stored electricity of ≈ $0.10 kW −1 h −1 . There is also a low-level utility scale acceptance of energy storage solutions and a general lack of battery-specific policy-led incentives, even though the environmental impact of RFBs coupled to renewable energy sources is favourable, especially in comparison to natural gas-and diesel-fuelled spinning reserves. Together with the technological and policy aspects associated with flow batteries, recent attempts to model redox flow batteries are considered. The issues that have been addressed using modelling together with the current and future requirements of modelling are outlined.

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Section: The Pathway To Commercialisation and Incentives For Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of the all-vanadium redox flow battery for energy storage: a review of technological, financial and policy aspects

Kear

Shah

Walsh

2011

Int. J. Energy Res.

635

391

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Recently, Vanadium Redox Flow Batteries (VRFB) have shown great promise as an efficient large scale energy storage system for a wide range of applications including uninterruptible power supply, stabilization of wind turbine output, and hybrid photovoltaic cells [1][2][3][4]. Unlike other popular electrochemical energy storage systems (such as lithium ion batteries), VRFB store energy in electrolyte solutions rather than in electrodes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Towards understanding the poor thermal stability of V5+ electrolyte solution in Vanadium Redox Flow Batteries

Vijayakumar

Graff

et al. 2011

Journal of Power Sources

206

143

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“…Normally a VRB single cell includes two electrolyte tanks with VO 2 + /VO 2+ and V 3+ /V 2+ redox couples in sulfuric acid solution, two pumps and a battery cell [3][4][5][6]. The electrolyte solutions were cyclically pumped into VRB cell during charge and discharge.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Poly(tetrafluoroethylene) reinforced sulfonated poly(ether ether ketone) membranes for vanadium redox flow battery application

Wei¹,

Zhang²,

Li³

et al. 2012

Journal of Power Sources

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The vanadium redox-battery: an efficient storage unit for photovoltaic systems

Cited by 229 publications

References 3 publications

Development of the all-vanadium redox flow battery for energy storage: a review of technological, financial and policy aspects

Development of the all-vanadium redox flow battery for energy storage: a review of technological, financial and policy aspects

Towards understanding the poor thermal stability of V5+ electrolyte solution in Vanadium Redox Flow Batteries

Poly(tetrafluoroethylene) reinforced sulfonated poly(ether ether ketone) membranes for vanadium redox flow battery application

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