The Utilisation of Prebiotics and Synbiotics in Dogs

Pinna, Carlo; Biagi, Giacomo

doi:10.4081/ijas.2014.3107

Cited by 28 publications

(28 citation statements)

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“…Results from the present study seem to confirm that NDO and, in particular, inulin-type fructans like FOS, may improve the intestinal absorption of several macro- and trace minerals, as already observed in previous studies in dogs [ 8 ]. Among the mechanisms proposed to explain this effect, the acidification of the intestinal chyme (consequent to an increase in VFA production) may represent the more plausible condition favoring higher solubility and bioavailability of minerals [ 50 ].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…Several publications have recently highlighted interesting evidence on the use of prebiotic substances both in humans [ 6 ] and other species, including companion animals such as dogs [ 7 , 8 ]. In particular, fructooligosaccharides (FOS) have displayed beneficial effects on the composition [ 9 , 10 ] and metabolism of canine intestinal microbiota, by favoring a shift from putrefactive to saccharolytic fermentations [ 11 , 12 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Influence of dietary protein and fructooligosaccharides on fecal fermentative end-products, fecal bacterial populations and apparent total tract digestibility in dogs

et al. 2018

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BackgroundFeeding dogs with diets rich in protein may favor putrefactive fermentations in the hindgut, negatively affecting the animal’s intestinal environment. Conversely, prebiotics may improve the activity of health-promoting bacteria and prevent bacterial proteolysis in the colon. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of dietary supplementation with fructooligosaccharides (FOS) on fecal microbiota and apparent total tract digestibility (ATTD) in dogs fed kibbles differing in protein content. Twelve healthy adult dogs were used in a 4 × 4 replicated Latin Square design to determine the effects of four diets: 1) Low protein diet (LP, crude protein (CP) 229 g/kg dry matter (DM)); 2) High protein diet (HP, CP 304 g/kg DM); 3) Diet 1 + 1.5 g of FOS/kg; 4) Diet 2 + 1.5 g of FOS/kg. The diets contained silica at 5 g/kg as a digestion marker. Differences in protein content were obtained using different amounts of a highly digestible swine greaves meal. Each feeding period lasted 28 d, with a 12 d wash-out in between periods. Fecal samples were collected from dogs at 0, 21 and 28 d of each feeding period. Feces excreted during the last five days of each feeding period were collected and pooled in order to evaluate ATTD.ResultsHigher fecal ammonia concentrations were observed both when dogs received the HP diets (p < 0.001) and the supplementation with FOS (p < 0.05). The diets containing FOS resulted in greater ATTD of DM, Ca, Mg, Na, Zn, and Fe (p < 0.05) while HP diets were characterized by lower crude ash ATTD (p < 0.05). Significant interactions were observed between FOS and protein concentration in regards to fecal pH (p < 0.05), propionic acid (p < 0.05), acetic to propionic acid and acetic + n-butyric to propionic acid ratios (p < 0.01), bifidobacteria (p < 0.05) and ATTD of CP (p < 0.05) and Mn (p < 0.001).ConclusionsA relatively moderate increase of dietary protein resulted in higher concentrations of ammonia in canine feces. Fructooligosaccharides displayed beneficial counteracting effects (such as increased bifidobacteria) when supplemented in HP diets, compared to those observed in LP diets and, in general, improved the ATTD of several minerals.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of dietary protein and fructooligosaccharides on fecal fermentative end-products, fecal bacterial populations and apparent total tract digestibility in dogs

et al. 2018

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“…Several non‐digestible carbohydrates are known to possess prebiotic features and range from the disaccharide lactulose to oligo‐ or polysaccharides such as fructo‐oligosaccharides (FOS), mannan‐oligosaccharides (MOS), xylo‐oligosaccharides (XOS) and galacto‐oligosaccharides (GOS) and inulin (Roberfroid et al ., 2010; Slavin, 2013). To be effective, prebiotics have to withstand digestion by host enzymes and reach the distal part of the intestine where they favour the proliferation and metabolic activities of specific bacterial species able to promote evident beneficial effects to the host (Pinna and Biagi, 2016). By escaping upper intestinal hydrolysis and absorption and reaching the hindgut compartments, these complex carbohydrates will be selectively fermented by those microorganisms that possess genes encoding specific extracellular and/or intracellular glycosyl‐hydrolases (GH) and transport systems, required for the breakdown and uptake, respectively, of these carbohydrates (Vieira et al ., 2013).…”

Section: The Effect Of Changes In Dietary Habits On Canine and Felinementioning

confidence: 99%

Catching a glimpse of the bacterial gut community of companion animals: a canine and feline perspective

Alessandri

Argentini

Milani

et al. 2020

Microbial Biotechnology

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Dogs and cats have gained a special position in human society by becoming our principal companion animals. In this context, efforts to ensure their health and welfare have increased exponentially, with in recent times a growing interest in assessing the impact of the gut microbiota on canine and feline health. Recent technological advances have generated new tools to not only examine the intestinal microbial composition of dogs and cats, but also to scrutinize the genetic repertoire and associated metabolic functions of this microbial community. The application of high-throughput sequencing techniques to canine and feline faecal samples revealed similarities in their bacterial composition, with Fusobacteria, Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes as the most prevalent and abundant phyla, followed by Proteobacteria and Actinobacteria. Although key bacterial members were consistently present in their gut microbiota, the taxonomic composition and the metabolic repertoire of the intestinal microbial population may be influenced by several factors, including diet, age and anthropogenic aspects, as well as intestinal dysbiosis. The current review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the multitude of factors which play a role in the modulation of the canine and feline gut microbiota and that of their human owners with whom they share the same environment.

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“…According to the most recent definition, the term "prebiotic" is "a selectively fermented ingredient that results in specific changes in the composition and/or activity of the gastrointestinal microbiota, thus conferring benefit(s) upon host health" [19]. Likewise, fructooligosaccharides (FOS), galactooligosaccharides (GOS), and xylooligosaccharides (XOS) represent dietary non-digestible oligosaccharides (NDO) that pass through the gastrointestinal tract and have been recognized to exert "prebiotic effects" in humans [20,21] and animals such as dogs [22][23][24].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In Vitro Evaluation of the Effects of Tylosin on the Composition and Metabolism of Canine Fecal Microbiota

Pinna

Vecchiato

Grandi

et al. 2020

Animals

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The present study investigated the in vitro effects of tylosin (TYL), alone or associated with prebiotics (PRE), on selected canine fecal parameters. Eight treatments were set up: control diet with no addition of substrates; TYL; Fructooligosaccharides (FOS); Galactooligosaccharides (GOS); Xylooligosaccharides (XOS); TYL + FOS; TYL + GOS; TYL + XOS. The flasks (five for treatment), containing a canine fecal suspension (prepared with the feces of healthy adult dogs) and the residue of an in vitro digested dry dog food, were incubated in an anaerobic chamber at 39 °C. TYL and PRE were added at a concentration of 0.2 and 1 g/L, respectively. Samples were collected after 6 and 24 h for analyses. PRE decreased pH values, iso-butyrate, and iso-valerate throughout the incubation; increased lactobacilli, cadaverine, and, tendentiously, total volatile fatty acids after 6 h; increased n-butyrate, putrescine, spermidine, and reduced spermine and E. coli after 24 h. TYL resulted in lower total volatile fatty acids and lactobacilli and higher Clostridium cluster I after 6 h and higher pH values, spermidine, and E. coli throughout the study. When associated with TYL, PRE counteracted some undesirable effects of the antibiotic such as the decrease of lactobacilli and Clostridium cluster XIVa at both 6 and 24 h. In the present study, TYL exhibited inhibitory effects on canine fecal microbiota partially counteracted by PRE supplementation.

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The Utilisation of Prebiotics and Synbiotics in Dogs

Abstract: The microbiota of the large intestine plays a fundamental role in maintaining the state of health of the gastrointestinal tract and the host.

Cited by 28 publications

References 92 publications

Influence of dietary protein and fructooligosaccharides on fecal fermentative end-products, fecal bacterial populations and apparent total tract digestibility in dogs

Influence of dietary protein and fructooligosaccharides on fecal fermentative end-products, fecal bacterial populations and apparent total tract digestibility in dogs

Catching a glimpse of the bacterial gut community of companion animals: a canine and feline perspective

In Vitro Evaluation of the Effects of Tylosin on the Composition and Metabolism of Canine Fecal Microbiota

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