Objective: An evidence-based pubertal induction scheme in hypogonadal girls is still to be established. Interestingly, literature data reports suboptimal uterine longitudinal diameter (ULD) in >50% of treated hypogonadal women, negatively influencing their pregnancy outcomes. This study aims to investigate auxological and uterine outcomes of pubertal induction in girls in the light of underlying diagnosis and therapeutic schemes used.Design: Retrospective analysis of longitudinal data from a multicentric registry.Methods: Auxological, biochemical and radiological data were collected at baseline and during follow-up in 95 hypogonadal girls (chronological age>10.9 years, Tanner stage≤2) treated with transdermal 17β-oestradiol patches for at least one year. Induction was started at a median dose of 0.14 mcg/kg/day with a six-monthly increase and was considered completed for 49/95 patients who started progesterone with concomitant oestrogen adult dose.
Significance statementSpecific evidence-based Consensus Guidelines for pubertal induction in girls with hypogonadism are still lacking. Moreover, more than 50% treated hypogonadal women show suboptimal uterine dimensions that can negatively influence their pregnancy outcomes. This represents the first longitudinal study on induction of puberty using transdermal 17β-oestradiol in a large cohort of hypogonadal females, counting more than a half patients cancer survivor. According to our results, progestins, hampering further changes in uterine and breast development, should be introduced only in the presence of an appropriate 17β-oestradiol dose and clinical response. If signs of endometrial hyperplasia occur in the presence of underdeveloped breasts or uterus, then a slight reduction in 17β-oestradiol should be taken into consideration to delay progesterone start.