The use of quantitative PCR to detect Felis catus papillomavirus type 2 DNA from a high proportion of queens and their kittens

Na, Thomson; Dunowska, Magdalena; Munday, John S.

doi:10.1016/j.vetmic.2014.11.028

Cited by 32 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…This seems unlikely as eight of the 13 E6/E7-negative p16-positive SCCs also had no detectable FcaPV-2 DNA and the FcaPV-2 DNA assay used in this study has previously been shown to be able to detect the equivalent of two copies of FcaPV-2 DNA (Thomson et al, 2015). Therefore, the frequent detection of increased p16 in SCCs with FcaPV-2 E6/E7 gene expression is consistent with the virus playing a role in cancer development.…”

Section: Papillomavirus Gene Expression In Feline Sccsupporting

confidence: 65%

“…DNA extraction and absolute quantification of FcaPV-2 DNA copy number were performed as previously reported, with the additional step that the FFPE scrolls were rehydrated in a graded alcohol series prior to DNA extraction (Thomson et al, 2015). Real-time PCR absolute quantification was based on recombinant plasmid generated standard curves (Thomson et al, 2015). FcaPV-2 copy number was normalized to copies of F. catus 28S rDNA.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Frequent detection of transcriptionally active Felis catus papillomavirus 2 in feline cutaneous squamous cell carcinomas

Munday

Dittmer

2016

Journal of General Virology

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Felis catus papillomavirus 2 (FcaPV-2) causes premalignant skin lesions in cats and has also been found in a proportion of cutaneous squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs) -a common and potentially fatal cancer of cats. Whilst this could suggest a role of the virus in cancer development, FcaPV-2 has also been detected in skin swabs of normal cats, making it difficult to discern whether the papillomavirus is causing the cancer or merely an 'innocent bystander'. To distinguish between these two possibilities, real-time PCR was used to determine the viral copy number and the transcriptional activity of FcaPV-2 infections present in 70 formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded skin lesions including 10 papillomavirus-induced premalignant lesions and 60 SCCs. FcaPV-2 gene expression was found in 21 of 60 (35 %) SCCs, all 10 premalignant lesions and none of 10 normal skin samples. The results showed two distinct subsets of SCCs. The majority of the SCCs had low copy numbers of FcaPV-2 DNA (mean of 17 copies per copy of reference gene DNA) and no FcaPV-2 gene expression, suggesting the virus was an incidental finding. In contrast, 20 SCCs had detectable FcaPV-2 E6/E7 gene expression and very high copy numbers of FcaPV-2 DNA, with a mean of 32 930 copies per copy of reference gene DNA. The relative quantity of E6/E7 gene expression and the viral copy number in this group were similar to those found in the papillomavirus-induced premalignant lesions, suggesting that FcaPV-2 may play a role in the development of a subset of feline cutaneous SCCs.

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Section: Papillomavirus Gene Expression In Feline Sccsupporting

confidence: 65%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Frequent detection of transcriptionally active Felis catus papillomavirus 2 in feline cutaneous squamous cell carcinomas

Munday

Dittmer

2016

Journal of General Virology

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“…Thus, we could speculate that FcaPV‐2 blood infection may possibly contribute to horizontal transmission as well. Moreover, blood cells are considered as a carrier of PVs particles to the reproductive tract, contributing to vertical transmission in animals and humans; although FcaPV‐2 is believed to be shed from queens to kittens mostly through the birthing process and mouthing, our findings imply that vertical transmission cannot be excluded in the domestic cat (Roperto et al., ; Smith et al., ; Thomson et al., ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 77%

“…The origin of PV in blood is controversial, and several hypotheses have been proposed. Aggressive behaviours fall among ordinary social interactions in cat colonies, where fighting and biting often cause skin and mucosal wounds, which are the main sites of PVs entry into the host (Crowell‐Davis, Barry, & Wolfe, ; Doorbar et al., ); moreover, FcaPV‐2 is highly prevalent among dermatologically healthy cats (Geisseler et al., ; Thomson et al., ). Thus, it is tempting to speculate that the virus may reach the blood through external lesions and infect PBMCs infiltrating the injured tissue, which then act as a viral reservoir contributing to spread FcaPV‐2‐infective particles to different organs; as a consequence, it is also reasonable to infer that circulating PBMCs harbouring FcaPV‐2 might favour infection of distant epithelia and possibly cancer development.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…FcaPV‐2 has been reported in a series of countries such as USA, New Zealand, France, Switzerland, Germany and southern Italy, suggesting that it is spread almost worldwide (Altamura, Corteggio, Pacini et al., ; Munday, ). This could be because the virus spreads very easily through direct skin contact between animals or contaminated environmental surfaces on which the cats rub (Thomson et al., ). However, for the aforementioned reasons, blood infection as a further source of such an extensive spreading of FcaPV‐2 has to be taken in consideration.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Felis catus papillomavirus type-2 but not type-1 is detectable and transcriptionally active in the blood of healthy cats

Altamura

Jebara

Cardeti

et al. 2017

Transbound Emerg Dis

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Papillomaviruses (PVs) are small DNA viruses that induce benign and/or malignant epithelial tumours in different species, including the domestic cat (Felis catus). To date, five F. catus papillomavirus genotypes have been identified (FcaPV-1 to FcaPV-5). FcaPV-1 is associated with skin and oral benign lesions, while FcaPV-2 infection is widely associated with feline squamous cell carcinomas. Several human and animal PVs have been found in body fluids such as peripheral blood; however, the presence of FcaPVs in non-epithelial tissues has not previously been investigated. The aim of this study was to assess the presence and gene expression of FcaPV-1 and FcaPV-2 in the blood of healthy cats. We detected FcaPV-2 DNA in 26 of 103 (25%) blood samples. Importantly, FcaPV-2 L1, E2, E6 and E7 genes were found to be expressed in 3 (25%), 11 (92%), 6 (50%) and 5 (42%) of the samples available for mRNA analysis, respectively. FcaPV-1 was not detected in any of the blood samples analysed here. The data obtained in this work suggest active and eventually productive infection of FcaPV-2 in the blood of healthy cats, implying a possible role in intra-individual spreading as well as in vertical and horizontal transmission.

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Viral Diseases

Munday

Wilhelm²

2020

Feline Dermatology

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The use of quantitative PCR to detect Felis catus papillomavirus type 2 DNA from a high proportion of queens and their kittens

Cited by 32 publications

References 30 publications

Frequent detection of transcriptionally active Felis catus papillomavirus 2 in feline cutaneous squamous cell carcinomas

Frequent detection of transcriptionally active Felis catus papillomavirus 2 in feline cutaneous squamous cell carcinomas

Felis catus papillomavirus type-2 but not type-1 is detectable and transcriptionally active in the blood of healthy cats

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