The Use of Pistacia Lentiscus Chia Resin versus Omeprazole in Protecting Male Rats Peptic Mucosa against Cold Restraint Stress

Abstract

IntroductionPeptic mucosal damage induced by acute stress is a serious cause of morbidity and mortality in critically ill patients. The study aimed to investigate the protective, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects of pretreatment with Chios mastic gum (CMG), a traditionally consumed herbal resin naturally deriving from the trunk of Pistacia Lentiscus var. Chia compared to Omeprazole, a standard medication used in the prevention and treatment of gastritis, against the effects of cold restraint stress (CRS) in rat gastric and colonic mucosa.MethodsTwenty-one male Wistar rats were randomly assigned to three groups: Control (C), Omeprazole (O), and CMG (M), according to the pre-treatment regime, and were subjected to CRS at 40C for 3 hours. The gastric and colonic mucosal lesions were histologically assessed. ELISA measured blood concentrations of TNF-α, IL-1β, peroxidase, superoxide dismutase (SOD) and total antioxidant capacity (TEAC).ResultsIn both groups, O and M, gastric mucosal hyperemia, haemorrhagic infiltration and mucosal oedema, as well as colonic mucosal hyperaemia and haemorrhagic infiltration were significantly reduced compared to the controls (p<0.05). No significant differences were observed between Groups O and M. TNF-α levels were significantly lower in group M compared to Group O (p=0.013). IL-1β levels were significantly depressed in groups M and O compared to control (p≤ 0.001). The activity of both peroxidase and SOD enzymes decreased in group M compared to group O (p= 0.043 and p=0.047 respectively) and the control (p=0.018 and p< 0.001 respectively).ConclusionsThe natural Chios mastic gum is a promising nutritional supplement with protective properties to the peptic mucosa against CRS, exerting anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects.

Regulation of Energy Metabolism and Anti-Inflammatory Activities of Mastiha Fractions from Pistacia lentiscus L. var. chia

“…More interestingly, the biological actions of Chios Mastiha have driven the attention of many research groups in recent years. A wide variety of anti-microbial [ 3 , 32 , 33 , 34 ], anti-oxidant [ 4 , 35 , 36 ], anti-inflammatory [ 9 , 37 , 38 , 39 ], anti-hyperlipidemic [ 40 , 41 , 42 , 43 ], anti-hyperglycemic [ 41 , 44 ], and anti-cancer [ 45 , 46 , 47 ] actions have emerged through in vitro and in vivo experiments, and through clinical trials, too. These biological actions are proposed to be attributed to Chios Mastiha bioactive substances, such as triterpenes [ 3 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 48 ], β-myrcene [ 1 ], phenolics [ 9 ], arabino-galactan proteins, neutral sugars, and uronic acids [ 49 ].…”

“…Anti-inflammatory activity of the whole extract from Chios Mastiha powder has been previously reported. Thus, it has been observed that Chios Mastiha powder reduced the serum TNFα levels in male rats with gastric mucosal inflammation [ 38 ]. Moreover, it has been shown that Chios Mastiha neutral extract suppressed the phosphorylation of p65 subunit of NF-κΒ in TNFα-stimulated human aortic endothelial cells (HAEC) [ 39 ].…”

Polissacarídeos naturais como abordagem terapêutica experimental no trato gastrointestinal: uma revisão sistemática

“…A gastrite é uma patologia definida por alterações histológicas no revestimento do estômago, onde se observa infiltrado de células inflamatórias (Silva, et al, 2018). Lesões da mucosa gástrica podem ser focal ou difusa, superficial ou potencialmente resultando em ulceração ou hemorragia gástrica, que está associada à significativa morbidade e mortalidade (Kakagia, et al, 2020). De distribuição universal, a gastrite é prevalente em cerca de 50% da população mundial (Ddine, et al, 2020).…”

“…Os principais sintomas são representados por dor epigástrica, pirose, náuseas, vômitos, sensação de saciedade precoce e desconforto abdominal (Barbosa, et al, 2010). O Omeprazol tem sido utilizado como medicamento padrão no tratamento de danos gástricos e na prevenção de úlcera péptica desde 1989, entretanto tem sido associado a efeitos adversos e interações medicamentosas (Kakagia, et al, 2020).…”

Χαρακτηρισμός των βιολογικών δράσεων και των βιοχημικών μηχανισμών δράσης κλασμάτων από ρητίνη και φύλλα του Pistacia lentiscus L. var. chia και η εμπλοκή τους στη σηματοδότηση γλυκοκορτικοειδών ορμονών

“…Ακόμη, μειωμένα κατά 34,6% και 63,9% ήταν και τα επίπεδα του TNFα και της ιντερλευκίνης 1β (IL-1β), αντίστοιχα. Στα ζώα που τους χορηγήθηκε παράλληλα με τη Μαστίχα και ομεπραζόλη, η Μαστίχα μείωσε κατά 45,7% περισσότερο από την ομεπραζόλη τα επίπεδα του TNFα και κατά 19% περισσότερο τα επίπεδα της IL-1β [58].…”