The Use of Hydraulically Placed Sand in Island Construction

Berzins, W.E.; Hewitt, Kevin

doi:10.4043/4671-ms

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“…For example , Stewart et al (1983) attributed an increase in density with depth at Kogyuk to densification due to increased effective stress, whereas in fact it can now be seen to be due to pipelineplacement above hopper-dumped sand. Berzins and Hewitt (1984) reported a trend of increased values of CPT tip resistance with increased median grain size and reduced percent fines. Such a trend is possible, as it can be shown that even very small additions of clay to a slurry markedly increase the viscosity of the fluid (Western Canada Hydraulic Laboratories Ltd. 1983).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Influence of placement method on the in situ density of hydraulic sand fills

Sladen¹,

Hewitt²

1989

Can. Geotech. J.

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The range of densities achievable by hydraulic placement of sand straddles the boundary between values giving acceptable potential performance and those giving unacceptable potential performance. This has led to concerns over the safety of structures using hydraulic fills, such as the artificial drilling islands in the Canadian Beaufort Sea. Liquefaction failures of hydraulically placed sand have occurred at four or more of these islands. Until recently, the factors affecting in situ density were little understood. Data obtained from several artificial islands are presented and these are used to demonstrate the overwhelming influence of method of placement on in situ density. The possible reasons for this influence and the implications for design are discussed. Recommendations are made for research that, together with conclusions drawn in the paper, should allow hydraulic fills to be used with more confidence in the future.Le domaine de variation des densites qui peuvent &tre atteintes par mise en place hydraulique du sable chevauche la limite entre une performance potentielle acceptable et une inacceptable. Ceci a cause certaines inquiktudes quant a la securite des structures utilisant des remblais hydrauliques, telles que les iles artificielles dans la mer canadienne de Beaufort. Des ruptures par liquefaction du sable mis en place par la methode hydraulique se sont produites dans au moins quatre de ces iles. Jusqu'a recemment, les facteurs affectant la densite in situ Ctaient peu compris. Les donnies obtenues sur plusieurs de ces iles artificielles sont presentees et elles sont utiliskes pour dimontrer l'influence prkpondkrante de la mithode de mise en place sur la densite en place. Les causes possibles de cette influence et les implications pour la conception sont discutees. L'on y fait des recommandations de recherches qui, combinkes avec les conclusions tirees de cet article, devraient permettre dans le futur l'utilisation des remblais hydrauliques avec plus de confiance.Mots clis : sable, remblai hydraulique, liqukfaction, essai de penktration au c8ne.[Traduit par la revue]Can. Geotech. J. 26, 453-466 (1989)

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%