2011
DOI: 10.1016/j.ijom.2010.09.014
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The use of botulinum toxin type A in cosmetic facial procedures

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Cited by 80 publications
(114 citation statements)
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“…1 Recently, these cosmetic procedures have been introduced to dentistry, with many patients seeking minimally invasive cosmetic procedures. 2 The smile is considered the most pleasant and complex of all the facial expressions. 3 It has been said that "a smile is one of the most effective means by which people convey their emotions".…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
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“…1 Recently, these cosmetic procedures have been introduced to dentistry, with many patients seeking minimally invasive cosmetic procedures. 2 The smile is considered the most pleasant and complex of all the facial expressions. 3 It has been said that "a smile is one of the most effective means by which people convey their emotions".…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…In 1990, a dermatologist and ophthalmologist reported its cosmetic effect, which they noticed while treating patients for blepharospasm. 2 Its first esthetic usage was for the treatment of glabellar frown lines. 6 Botox type I inhibits acetylcholine release into the synapse by bonding to the nerve at the neuromuscular ending, causing the acetylcholine protein located on the cell membrane to be inhibited.…”
mentioning
confidence: 99%
“…El factor causal determina el tipo de tratamiento que debe ser empleado. Cuando la etiología es la hiperfunción muscular, se indica la aplicación de toxina botulínica por la facilidad y seguridad de las inyecciones y por su rápido efecto, además de ser un método más conservador al ser comparado con procedimientos quirúrgicos como la miectomía 8,13,14 . En el presente caso clínico, pudo ser constatada la hiperfunción de los músculos relacionados con la elevación del labio superior, así como la propia anatomía labial insatisfactoria motivo por el cual se indicó el tratamiento.…”
Section: Discussionunclassified
“…La sonrisa gingival anterior debe ser tratada con aplicaciones lateralmente al ala de la nariz (técnica utilizada en el presente caso clínico), por ser una región donde convergen las fibras de los músculos elevador del labio superior, elevador del labio superior y del ala de la nariz y el cigomático menor 10,14 . La toxina, al ser inyectada, se disemina en un área de 10 a 30 mm, asegurando un alcance efectivo a los tres músculos 13 .…”
Section: Discussionunclassified
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