The use of botanical insecticide based on local resources to increase swamp rice yield in South Kalimantan, Indonesia

Abstract

The use of botanical insecticide is one of the ways to reduce the negative impact on the agricultural environment due to chemical insecticide applications. Some plants have been identified as botanical insecticide such as Azadirachta indica (Neem), Swietenia mahagoni (Mahagony), Aegle marmelos (Maja fruit), etc. This study was conducted as a part of the demonstration farm located in the swamp rice field in South Kalimantan. The objective of the study was to increase the swamp rice yield by controlling plant pests and disease based on local resources environment friendly. The plot experiment was arranged in a randomized block design with three treatments and six replications and the plot size wase 1.000 m2. The treatments consisted of fully RAISA technology (T1 treatment), RAISA + IAERI botanical insecticide (T2 treatment), and RAISA + Galam botanical insecticide (T3 treatment). The result showed that the highest yield rice was produced in T2 treatment (6.5 t ha−1 unhusked dry rice), then T3 and T1 treatments were 5.5 and 5.1 t ha−1 unhusked dry rice, respectively. The highest amount of insect was found at T1 treatment, followed T2 and T3 treatments, respectively.

Assessment ofAegle marmelosFruit Extracts as Organic Insecticide forSpodoptera exiguaonAllium ascolanicum

“…The other results showed that there are secondary metabolites in plants that can be used as a mechanism for interaction between plants and animals, namely phytochemicals [43][44][45], so they can be used as biopesticides, for example papaya leaves. Papaya leaves contain the enzyme papain which when it enters the trachea of insects, then spreads and can interfere with the performance of the nervous system of these insect pests [46].…”

Respon Pemberian Asap Cair dan Zeolit Terhadap Pertumbuhan dan Hasil Tanaman Padi

“…Pengamatan tinggi tanaman dapat dipengaruhi oleh beberapa faktor seperti serapan air dan nutrisi, penambahan ameliorant, aplikasi pupuk kandang. Tinggi tanaman meningkat seiring dengan bertambahnya umur tanaman (Sutriadi et al, 2021).…”

Efektivitas Asap Cair Kulit Buah Randu untuk Mengendalikan Walang Sangit Padi

“…Pengaruh negatif dari penggunaan pestisida yang terus menerus dapat mencemari lingkungan dan mengganggu kesehatan. Salah satu upaya alternatif untuk pengendalian hama yang ramah lingkungan dan tidak mengakibatkan pengaruh negatif yaitu dengan penggunaan asap cair dari kulit buah randu dengan kandungan senyawa fenol dan metabolit sekunder (Sutriadi et al 2021). Berdasarkan penelitian sebelumnya bahwa pada asap cair dari batok kelapa (Cocos nucifera) dapat digunakan untuk mengendalikan hama walang sangit pada padi yaitu 1,50% asap cair menunjukkan 80% persentase kematian dan 68,88% aktivitas antifeedant (Gama et al 2021).…”