The use of a climate-type classification for assessing climate change effects in Europe from an ensemble of nine regional climate models

Castro, Manuel de; Gallardo, Clemente; Jylhä, Kirsti; Tuomenvirta, Heikki

doi:10.1007/s10584-006-9224-1

Cited by 130 publications

(110 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…These low R95PTOT correlation values could indicate the difficulty of simulating the precise spatial location of heavy convective events using RCMs. (Castro et al 2007). The 90th percentile for maximum (Tx90) and minimum (Tn90) temperatures in summer are represented in the third and fourth columns of Fig.…”

Section: Extreme Precipitation Indicesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…On this respect, the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC 2001(IPCC , 2007 recommended more adequate analyses and regional detail for model projections. At the same time, end-users, such as impact modellers, demand climate data at higher spatial resolution than given by GCMs (Castro et al 2007). There is, thus, a need for high resolution climate projections.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Present-climate precipitation and temperature extremes over Spain from a set of high resolution RCMs

Domínguez¹,

Romera²,

Sánchez³

et al. 2013

Clim. Res.

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In the frame of the Spanish project ESCENA, 5 regional climate model simulations were analyzed in terms of their representation of precipitation and temperature extremes over Spain. The climate complexity of the target domain poses a challenge for the models in terms of their ability to simulate precipitation and temperature extremes. There are important differences in comparison to previous similar studies (such as PRUDENCE and ENSEMBLES European projects): the domain of the present-climate simulations (1990 to 2007) is centered over the Iberian Peninsula (IP), and the simulations are nested in ERA-Interim reanalysis. Two of the models (WRF and MM5) were not part of the ENSEMBLES project. A new high-resolution (0.2° × 0.2°) database (Spain02) of daily temperature and precipitation observations over Spain was used to validate the results. The performance of the models depends on the climatic characteristics of the subregions. Results are better for the northern coastal area of Spain, but for other Atlantic basins there are some biases that cannot be linked to limitations in the representation of very heavy convective events. Several models underestimate the amount of rain for heavy-precipitation days. This aspect has not improved in general in comparison to ENSEMBLES results, despite the differences in setup. In other respects, all models are at a similar level as the best subgroup of ENSEMBLES models. The ESCENA simulations (covering more emissions scenarios and GCMs than ENSEM-BLES project) can thus be considered a valuable complement of that European project for impact studies over Spain.

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Section: Extreme Precipitation Indicesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Present-climate precipitation and temperature extremes over Spain from a set of high resolution RCMs

Domínguez¹,

Romera²,

Sánchez³

et al. 2013

Clim. Res.

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“…The Köppen classification can be used to validate the model performance (e.g., Jacob et al, 2012). Future changes of the Köppen climate types have been reported by different authors on the basis of either global or regional climate model simulations (e.g., de Castro et al, 2007;Gao and Giorgi, 2008;Ruble and Kottek, 2010). Studies that have applied the Köppen climate classification over China in recent years include Xie et al (2007) and Baker et al (2010), etc.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Projected Changes in Köppen Climate Types in the 21st Century over China

Shi

Gao

Jia

2012

Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters

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The results show that RegCM3 reproduces the present-day distribution of the Köppen climate types well. Significant changes of the types are found in the future over China, following the simulated warming and precipitation changes. In southern China, the change is characterized by the replacement of subtropical humid (Cr) by subtropical winter-dry (Cw). A pronounced decrease of the cold climate types is found over China, e.g., tundra (Ft) over the Tibetan Plateau and sub-arctic continental (Ec) over northeast China. The changes are usually greater in the end compared with the middle of the 21st century.

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“…To study the effects of climate change on climate patterns, regional climate model (RCM) data can be used (Castro et al, 2007;Mahlstein and Knutti, 2010;Tapiador et al, 2011;Fan et al, 2014). RCMs are continuously improving and correspond rather well to climate observations (Tapiador et al, 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Climate indices for the Baltic states from principal component analysis

2017

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Abstract. We used principal component analysis (PCA) to derive climate indices that describe the main spatial features of the climate in the Baltic states (Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania). Monthly mean temperature and total precipitation values derived from the ensemble of bias-corrected regional climate models (RCMs) were used. Principal components were derived for the years . The first three components describe 92 % of the variance in the initial data and were chosen as climate indices in further analysis. Spatial patterns of these indices and their correlation with the initial variables were analyzed, and it was detected (based on correlation coefficient between principal components and initial variables) that higher values in each index corresponded to locations with (1) less distinct seasonality, (2) warmer climate, and (3) wetter climate. In addition, for the pattern of the first index, the impact of the Baltic Sea (distance to coast) was apparent; for the second, latitude and elevation were apparent, and for the third elevation was apparent. The loadings from the chosen principal components were further used to calculate the values of the climate indices for the years 2071-2100. An overall increase was found for all three indices with minimal changes in their spatial pattern.

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The use of a climate-type classification for assessing climate change effects in Europe from an ensemble of nine regional climate models

Cited by 130 publications

References 16 publications

Present-climate precipitation and temperature extremes over Spain from a set of high resolution RCMs

Present-climate precipitation and temperature extremes over Spain from a set of high resolution RCMs

Projected Changes in Köppen Climate Types in the 21st Century over China

Climate indices for the Baltic states from principal component analysis

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