The Urban Restructuring Process in Tokyo in the 1980s: Transforming Tokyo into a World City

Machimura, Takashi

doi:10.1111/j.1468-2427.1992.tb00468.x

Cited by 73 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…So the Japanese property industry may well be in for another shock when office requirements change as the computer market opens up. Analysis of the linkages between Japan's property markets and changing economic structure during the 1980s are given in Machimura (1992) and Oizumi (1994). (3) Some would argue that technology has entirely removed the traditional benefits of central locations (Pascal, 1987), though this view tends to downplay important urban externalities.…”

Section: What Type Of Commercial Building?mentioning

confidence: 99%

The 1980s Property Boom

Ball

1994

Environ Plan A

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Abstract. In this paper the causes and consequences of the property boom of the late 1980s are considered that in one way or another affected most developed economies and several industrialising ones. It is suggested that technical change in key service industries caused an upsurge in building demand from the mid-1970s onwards. Shifts in employment patterns then generated repercussions in housing markets. The classic conditions were created for a 'Kuznets style' building cycle. The detailed effects of these changes in specific countries depended on the responses by agents involved in the process of building provision, which in turn were affected by the changing economic and institutional contexts that they faced. Property development, financial liberation, housing markets, property taxation, and land-use planning are all considered in this context, with examples drawn from several countries.

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Section: What Type Of Commercial Building?mentioning

confidence: 99%

The 1980s Property Boom

Ball

1994

Environ Plan A

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“…The urban restructuring of Tokyo has been occurring at some pace since the early 1980s, with urban land used as the basis for capital accumulation, and this has been undertaken to the accompaniment of a discourse first, in the 1980s, of internationalization and then in the 2000s of 'Tokyo as global city' (Machimura, 1992;Saito and Thornley, 2003). These are discursive attempts to engineer a rescaling of Tokyo, to anchor the city into a global scale of networked cities, supported on the ground by the development of the Tokyo Waterfront from the 1980s (O'Leary and Machimura, 1995;Saito, 2003) and by the Urban Renaissance policy (Waley, 2007).…”

Section: Rescaling Of the Central State's Territorial Governance Instmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pencilling Tokyo into the map of neoliberal urbanism

Waley

2013

Cities

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There is no questioning the immensity of change in Tokyo's urban landscape over the last few decades, despite the difficulties faced by the Japanese economy. This transformation results from a vigorous promotion of urban restructuring by the state and a keen uptake by corporations. The question examined here is the extent to which Tokyo fits into a palette of policies generally seen as neoliberal and, more generally, how and where Tokyo fits into global narratives of urban change. In order to put some perspective on the nature of urban change in Tokyo, three themes are pursued here that are generally considered to indicate a neoliberal policy turn: a territorial rescaling designed to concentrate energies on places of economic strength; a relaxation of regulations facilitating urban restructuring; and housing and other social policies resulting in residential segregation and producing greater social inequality which finds a spatial expression. In doing this, the paper reviews recent debates in the literature on Tokyo, debates that suggest a difference in view between those who see urban life-spaces as conditioned increasingly by a neoliberal policy approach and others for whom the pattern and spaces of life in Tokyo are coloured by a more distinct set of policies moulded by the (neo-) developmental state. The paper concludes by arguing that only some elements of a 'neoliberal urban inventory' are present in the urban landscape of Tokyo, that they exist within a recognisably neoliberal discursive framework, and that this is best conceptualized within a wider East Asian framework.

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“…Thereafter, government policies and skyrocketing land prices would provoke a fall in their combined population to 7.97 million by 1995. Nevertheless, employment would continue to expand, as the area, led by the central Ku of Chiyoda, Chuo, and Minato, would not only host the central and prefectural governments, but also numerous foreign embassies and multinational corporations, as well as most of the nation's largest companies (Cybriwsky, ; Hill & Fujita, ; Machimura, ). As a result, by 1991, total employment in the 23 Ku stood at 7.39 million, 1.24 million of which was in manufacturing.…”

Section: Defining Japan's Four Largest Mmas and Some Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

Industrial Restructuring and Expanding Income Stratification: The Case of Japan’s Four Largest Major Metropolitan Areas, 1990–2007

Jacobs

2014

Journal of Urban Affairs

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Drawing inspiration from Bluestone and Harrison's seminal book The Deindustrialization of America, this article examines the impact of industrial restructuring on Japan's four largest major metropolitan areas (MMAs). Focusing upon (1) the bursting of the Japanese asset bubble in the early 1990's, (2) trade friction with the West, and (3) a significant appreciation of the Japanese Yen relative to the currencies of its major industrial competitors, it reveals how a complex array of factors provoked manufacturing employment decline in these MMAs after 1991. It then describes some of the negative outcomes accompanying industrial restructuring in the four largest MMAs, namely, (1) contracting total employment after 1996, (2) absolute declines in mean household income (HHI) after 2000, and (3) rising inter‐municipal income stratification during the 2000s. A final important finding from these case studies suggests that there has been an inverse relationship between the percentage of a region's employment in manufacturing and its inter‐place HHI inequality. In summary, although the Japanese case is distinct from the U.S. experience in many ways, these findings nonetheless demonstrate the continued importance of Bluestone and Harrison's conclusions about the connections among manufacturing employment, regional prosperity, and interplace equity.

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The Urban Restructuring Process in Tokyo in the 1980s: Transforming Tokyo into a World City

Cited by 73 publications

References 5 publications

The 1980s Property Boom

The 1980s Property Boom

Pencilling Tokyo into the map of neoliberal urbanism

Industrial Restructuring and Expanding Income Stratification: The Case of Japan’s Four Largest Major Metropolitan Areas, 1990–2007

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