The Tupi: explaining origin and expansions in terms of archaeology and of historical linguistics

Noelli, Francisco Silva

doi:10.1017/s0003598x00087068

Cited by 72 publications

(70 citation statements)

References 16 publications

(7 reference statements)

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“…The 3 oldest date probabilities cover a wide range of time pointing to a long-term occupational period in this region. Research in other regions about subsistence practices indicate that the Tupi were highly sedentary (Noelli 1998) probably due to their agricultural practices.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Long-Term Tupiguarani Occupation in Southeastern Brazil

Macario

Buarque²,

Scheel-Ybert

et al. 2009

Radiocarbon

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ABSTRACT. We discuss some aspects of the chronology of the Tupiguarani occupation in the southeastern Brazilian coast based on the analyses of 3 charcoal samples from the Morro Grande archaeological site (Rio de Janeiro state). 14 C beta spectroscopy and accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) techniques were used to determine ages of 2920 ± 70 BP, 2600 ± 160 BP, and 510 ± 160 BP. The occurrence of these ancient dates in southeastern Brazil has important implications for understanding the origin and dispersion of Tupian populations from Amazonia, supporting recent hypotheses that their expansion must have begun well before 2000 BP. On the other hand, the most recent date is a strong indication of a possible reoccupation of the site by the same cultural group around the time. These results show that the Tupiguarani occupation began at least about 3000 yr ago and lasted until its collapse with the European invasion in the 16th century.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Long-Term Tupiguarani Occupation in Southeastern Brazil

Macario

Buarque²,

Scheel-Ybert

et al. 2009

Radiocarbon

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“…During the late Holocene the La Plata basin constituted a geographical enclave where major cultural traditions from the tropical forests, like the Tupiguarani (Brochado 1984;Noelli 1998), the Goya-Malabrigo archaeological entity-possibly related to Arawak people (Métraux 1934;Nordenskiöld 1930;Politis andBonomo 2012, 2015)-and the Southern Jê (Iriarte et al 2008a;Noelli 2005) converged and interacted during pre-Columbian times.…”

Section: The Late Holocenementioning

confidence: 99%

Emergent Complexity, Changing Landscapes, and Spheres of Interaction in Southeastern South America During the Middle and Late Holocene

et al. 2016

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Newly created academic programs at Brazilian universities have provided the impetus for new archaeological projects in southeastern South America during the last two decades. The new data are changing our views on emergent social complexity, natural and human-induced transformation of the landscape, and transcontinental expansions and cultural interactions across the Río de la Plata basin during the Middle and Late Holocene. We concentrate on six major archaeological traditions/regions: the Sambaquis, the Pantanal, the Constructores de Cerritos, the Tupiguarani, the Southern Proto-Jê, and the middle and lower Paraná River. Diverse and autonomous complex developments exhibit distinct built landscapes in a region previously thought of as marginal compared with cultural developments in the Andes or Mesoamerica. The trajectories toward increased sociopolitical complexity flourished in very different and changing environmental conditions. While some groups were pushed to wetland areas during a drier mid-Holocene, others took advantage of the more humid Late Holocene climate to intensively manage Araucaria forests. The start of the second millennium AD was a critical period marked by an increased number of archaeological sites, the construction of ceremonial architecture, and the intensification of landscape transformation; it also was marked by the rapid expansion of influences from outside the La Plata basin. The Amazonian Tupiguarani and Arawak newcomers brought with them significant changes in technologies and social and political structures, as well as novel landscape management practices.

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“…Apesar da falta de consenso acerca do centro de origem e das rotas de dispersão Guarani, a ideia de que esses povos tiveram sua etnogênese cultural em algum lugar da Amazônia (Metráux, 1927;Rodrigues, 1964;Lathrap, 1970;Evans, 1973;Brochado, 1984Schmitz, 1985Schmitz, , 1991Noelli, 1993Noelli, , 1996Noelli, , 1998aNoelli, , 1999Ribeiro, 1995;Mello;Kneip, 2005;Corrêa, 2014;Neves, 2015) é bastante aceita. Assumindo essa origem, dois principais modelos se materializaram na Arqueologia brasileira quanto à dinâmica de movimentação Guarani pelo território, um a partir dos escritos de Meggers (1972Meggers ( , 1975Meggers ( , 1977Meggers ( , 1979 e o outro a partir dos escritos de Lathrap (1970) e Brochado (1984.…”

Section: Modelos De Movimentação Espacial Guaraniunclassified

“…Na Arqueologia Guarani, por sua vez, os temas espaciais amplos dividem terreno com preocupações específicas da organização espacial dessas populações, destacando-se debates quanto à distribuição dos sítios na paisagem, à dinâmica da movimentação durante os deslocamentos, e, de forma paralela, discussões cronológicas. Tais temas apresentaram avanços interpretativos importantes a partir da década de 1980de (Brochado, 1984de , 1989Schmitz, 1985Schmitz, , 1991Schmitz et al, 1990;Scatamacchia, 1990;Ribeiro, 1991Ribeiro, , 1995Noelli, 1993Noelli, , 1996Noelli, , 1998aNoelli, , 1999Noelli, , 2004Rogge, 1996Rogge, , 2004Dias, 2003;Klamt, 2005;Pestana, 2011;Milheira, 2008Milheira, , 2010Neves et al, 2011;Wolf, 2012;Kreutz et al, 2014;DeBlasis, 2014;Schneider, 2014;Corrêa, 2014;Kreutz, 2015;Bonomo et al, 2015;Neves, 2015;De Souza et al, 2016), porém, ainda não se encontram plenamente resolvidos, carecendo de diversas respostas regionais.…”

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Tempo e Espaço Guarani: um estudo acerca da ocupação, cronologia e dinâmica de movimentação pré-colonial na Bacia do Rio Taquari/Antas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil

Schneider

Wolf

Kreutz

et al. 2017

Bol. Mus. Para. Emílio Goeldi. Ciênc. hum.

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Resumo: Neste artigo foram analisadas as relações espaciais e temporais da ocupação Guarani pré-colonial na Bacia do RioTaquari/Antas a partir da delimitação do perímetro da ocupação e seu estabelecimento na paisagem, da cronologia intrasítio e regional e de discussões referentes às movimentações espaciais. A partir dos resultados foram mapeados 121 sítios Guarani na porção centro-sul da Bacia, em um perímetro de várzeas que circundou as terras altas do Planalto das Araucárias, demonstrando tratar-se de uma ocupação regional longa, entre os séculos XIV e XVIII. O estabelecimento teria ocorrido a partir da conexão entre o Rio Jacuí e o Rio Taquari/Antas, em uma expansão compulsória do sul para o norte, observando-se assentamentos contemporâneos em todo o perímetro e sítios com fatores de alta permanência. Tal dinâmica justificar-se-ia a partir de um controle consciente do ambiente, permitindo, por um lado, a manutenção das aldeias, e, por outro, o crescimento demográfico e novas expansões. Além da motivação demográfica, inferiu-se a possibilidade de que os limites da ocupação Guarani na região tenham sido estabelecidos de forma igualmente consciente a partir de um pulso de expansão inicial e posterior estabilidade, configurando-se a ocupação compulsória como uma estratégia de manutenção política do território.Palavras-chave: Arqueologia Guarani. Terras baixas da América do Sul. Bacia do Rio Taquari/Antas. Análise espacial. Cronologia. Abstract:This study examines spatial and temporal relations of pre-colonial Guarani occupation in the Taquari/Antas River Basin.The perimeter of occupation and itsestablishment inthe landscapeare discussedas well as local and regional chronology and migrations. The data wereused to map 121 Guarani sites in the center-south portion of the river basin, in a perimeter of lowlands surrounding the highlands of the Plateau of the Araucarias.Results show that therewas a long regional occupation between the 14 th and 18 th centuries. The Guarani settlementsin this region occurred at the confluenceof the Jacuí and Taquari/Antasrivers, in a forcedexpansion from south to north, where contemporary settlements can be observed throughout the perimeter, and sites show evidence of longpermanence. Such dynamics can be understood as forms ofenvironmentmanagement, enabling village maintenance , allowing demographic growth and furtherexpansion. Apart fromdemographic motivation, the regional limits of the Guarani occupation were probably defined consciously, after an initial expansion impulse and ensuingstability, which must have defined forcedoccupation as a strategy of territorial politics.

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The Tupi: explaining origin and expansions in terms of archaeology and of historical linguistics

Cited by 72 publications

References 16 publications

The Long-Term Tupiguarani Occupation in Southeastern Brazil

The Long-Term Tupiguarani Occupation in Southeastern Brazil

Emergent Complexity, Changing Landscapes, and Spheres of Interaction in Southeastern South America During the Middle and Late Holocene

Tempo e Espaço Guarani: um estudo acerca da ocupação, cronologia e dinâmica de movimentação pré-colonial na Bacia do Rio Taquari/Antas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil

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