The tail of chlorophyll: Fates for phytol

Durrett, Timothy P.; Welti, Ruth

doi:10.1016/j.jbc.2021.100802

Cited by 9 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 10 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Phytol is derived from the hydrolysis of chlorophyll and is a side chain of chlorophyll prenyl bound to ester bonds (Gutbrod, 2019). In plants, phytol is used to synthesize tocopherol (vitamin E), or phylloquinone (vitamin K) (Durrett, 2021). Phytol is known to have antianxiety, cytotoxic, metabolism-modulating, antioxidant, apoptosis, antinociceptive, antiinflammatory, immunomodulatory, and antimicrobial effects (Islam, 2018), antihyperalgesic, anti-inflammatory, and antiarthritis (Carvalho, 2020).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antioxidant Activity and Phytochemical of Ocimum basilicum to Strengthen the Traditional Balinese Medicine System

Arsana,

Ayu Juliasih,

Ayu Sauca Sunia Widyantari

2023

J Bio Bio Edu

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The system of traditional Balinese medicine is known as Usada. One type of plant used in Usada is basil (Ocimum basilicum L). Antioxidant activity and phytochemical of ethanol extracts of two varieties of basil, Ocimum basilicum L (var.) Bali (OcB) and Ocimum basilicum L (var.) Lombok (OcL) was investigated. Total phenol was determined by folin-cioccalteu phenol reagent, total flavonoid by quarsetine reagent, tannin by Folin-Denis reagent, and antioxidant activity was determined using the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging method and is expressed as IC50. All of the parameters were measured by spectrophotometer. Phytochemicals were determined by Gas chromatography and mass spectrometry (GC-MS) Analysis. Morphological characters (stems, leaves, and flowers) are also observed. The results showed, in OcB obtained 92 compounds, 10 of which are important compounds that have an antioxidant effect, while in OcL 139 compound components were found, 15 of which are important compounds. Levels of phenols, flavonoids, tannins, as well as IC50 in OcB are; 3526.65 mg GAE/100g, 15841.6795 mg QE/100g, 2402.80 mg/100 g, and 24.9410 mg/L, respectively, while in OcL respectively are; 3297.71 mg GAE/100g, 13242.30 mg QE/100g, 850.71 mg/100, and 33.1105 mg/L. Conclusions, morphologically OcB and OcL showed no difference except leaf width and petiole length. The antioxidant activity of OcB is better, as well as higher levels of phenols, flavonoids, and tannins compared to OcL.

show abstract

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antioxidant Activity and Phytochemical of Ocimum basilicum to Strengthen the Traditional Balinese Medicine System

Arsana,

Ayu Juliasih,

Ayu Sauca Sunia Widyantari

2023

J Bio Bio Edu

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Its chemical structure includes a porphyrin ring with a central magnesium ion, and an attached hydrocarbon tail known as a phytol. The porphyrin ring is made up of four nitrogen-containing groups called pyrrole, and the phytol tail is composed of isoprenoid units [ 7 ]. Chlorophyll a absorbs light most efficiently in the red and blue regions of the spectrum, with peak absorption at around 430 and 662 nanometers, respectively.…”

Section: Chlorophyll: Chemical Properties and Metabolismmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhancing Health Benefits through Chlorophylls and Chlorophyll-Rich Agro-Food: A Comprehensive Review

et al. 2023

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Chlorophylls play a crucial role in photosynthesis and are abundantly found in green fruits and vegetables that form an integral part of our diet. Although limited, existing studies suggest that these photosynthetic pigments and their derivatives possess therapeutic properties. These bioactive molecules exhibit a wide range of beneficial effects, including antioxidant, antimutagenic, antigenotoxic, anti-cancer, and anti-obesogenic activities. However, it is unfortunate that leafy materials and fruit peels often go to waste in the food supply chain, contributing to the prevailing issue of food waste in modern societies. Nevertheless, these overlooked materials contain valuable bioactive compounds, including chlorophylls, which offer significant health benefits. Consequently, exploring the potential of these discarded resources, such as utilizing them as functional food ingredients, aligns with the principles of a circular economy and presents exciting opportunities for exploitation.

show abstract

“…On the other hand, mass-spectrometry experiments indicate the main breakdown products of the prenyl side chain are phytols ( Mach, 2015 ). Although studies have suggested that the phytol degradative pathway can provide substrates for respiration during sugar starvation ( Ishizaki et al, 2005 ), components of the phytol catabolic pathway have not been identified ( Durrett and Welti, 2021 ). Phytol might be degraded to phytenal which accumulates in senescing oat leaves and then to phytanoyl-CoA via unknown steps ( Ishizaki et al, 2005 ).…”

Section: Potential Respiratory Substratesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In mammalian catabolic pathways, phytanoyl-CoA undergoes α-oxidation and β-oxidation in peroxisomes and mitochondria ( Kohlmeier, 2015 ; Durrett and Welti, 2021 ; Gutbrod et al, 2021 ). In plants, phytanoyl-CoA hydroxylase and 2-hydroxy-phytanoyl-CoA lyase have been localized to peroxisomes and characterized to be the main pathway of phytanoyl-CoA metabolism ( Araújo et al, 2011a ; Yang et al, 2022 ).…”

Section: Potential Respiratory Substratesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The diversity of substrates for plant respiration and how to optimize their use

Millar

2022

Plant Physiology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Plant respiration is a foundational biological process with the potential to be optimized to improve crop yield. To understand and manipulate the outputs of respiration, the inputs of respiration – respiratory substrates - need to be probed in detail. Mitochondria house substrate catabolic pathways and respiratory machinery, so transport into and out of these organelles plays an important role in committing substrates to respiration. The large number of mitochondrial carriers and catabolic pathways that remain unidentified hinder this process and lead to confusion about the identity of direct and indirect respiratory substrates in plants. The sources and usage of respiratory substrates vary and are increasing found to be highly regulated based on cellular processes and environmental factors. This review covers the use of direct respiratory substrates following transport through mitochondrial carriers and catabolism under normal and stressed conditions. We suggest introduction of enzymes not currently found in plant mitochondria to enable serine and acetate to be direct respiratory substrates in plants. We also compare respiratory substrates by assessing energetic yields, availability in cells, and their full or partial oxidation during cell catabolism. This information can assist in decisions to use synthetic biology approaches to alter the range of respiratory substrates in plants. As a result, respiration could be optimized by introducing, improving, or controlling specific mitochondrial transporters and mitochondrial catabolic pathways.

show abstract

The tail of chlorophyll: Fates for phytol

Cited by 9 publications

References 10 publications

Antioxidant Activity and Phytochemical of Ocimum basilicum to Strengthen the Traditional Balinese Medicine System

Antioxidant Activity and Phytochemical of Ocimum basilicum to Strengthen the Traditional Balinese Medicine System

Enhancing Health Benefits through Chlorophylls and Chlorophyll-Rich Agro-Food: A Comprehensive Review

The diversity of substrates for plant respiration and how to optimize their use

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About