The Synthesis of a Multiple D–A Conjugated Macrocycle and Its Application in Organic Photovoltaic

Abstract

As a novel class of materials, D‐A conjugated macrocycles hold significant promise for chemical science. However, their potential in photovoltaic remains largely untapped due to the complexity of introducing multiple donor and acceptor moieties into the design and synthesis of cyclic π‐conjugated molecules. Here, we report a multiple D‐A ring‐like cyclic conjugated molecule (RCM) via the coupling of dimer molecule DBTP‐C3 as a template and thiophenes in high yields. RCM exhibits a narrow optical gap (1.33 eV) and excellent thermal stability, and shows a remarkable photoluminescence yield (ΦPL) of 11.1% in solution, much higher than non‐cyclic analogues. Organic solar cell (OSC) constructed with RCM as electron acceptor shows efficient charge separation at donor‐acceptor band offsets and achieves a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 14.2%‐approximately fourfold higher than macrocycle‐based OSCs reported so far. This is partly due to low non‐radiative voltage loss down to 0.20 eV and a high electroluminescence yield (ΦEL) of 4×10‐4. Our findings emphasize the potential of D‐A cyclic conjugated molecules in advancing organic photovoltaic technology.

Accurate and Efficient Conformer Sampling of Cyclic Drug-Like Molecules with Inverse Kinematics

“…This capability is crucial due to the growing number of identified drug-like molecules with atropoisomeric forms exhibiting different biological activities. 42,43 Besides drug development, high sampling performance of the developed algorithm can be employed in other fields of molecular modeling involving macrocycles and polycycles, e.g., modeling of molecular sensors, 44 building blocks of supramolecular assemblies, 45 organocatalysts, 46 compounds for organic photovoltaics, 47 etc. Moreover, MCR can also be Journal of Chemical Information and Modeling pubs.acs.org/jcim Article applied for sampling of transition states via a constrained geometry approach designed by some of us.…”

Selecting Solid Additives to Control the Interaction between Polymer Donors and Additives for Constructing High-Efficiency Organic Solar Cells

“…In recent years, bulk-heterojunction (BHJ) organic solar cells (OSCs) have emerged as a promising energy conversion technology, particularly with the development of A-D-A and A-DA′D-A-typed (A/A′: acceptor unit, D: donor unit) small molecular acceptors (SMAs) and the rapid increase in power conversion efficiency (PCE). − The nanoscale morphology of binary or multiple active layers plays a crucial role in determining charge distribution, which contributes to achieving efficient charge generation and transport as well as suppressed charge recombination that ultimately determines the PCEs of OSCs. ,− Unlike molecules in an organic field-effect transistor with a highly ordered structure, the molecular stacking in the active layer of BHJ OSCs typically lacks long-range ordered packing. − Therefore, it is necessary to effectively tune the intermolecular interactions in the active layer to regulate the ordered molecular packing modes. Solid additives with tunable properties and satisfactory processability have been considered as potential candidates for addressing this question. − Recently, volatile aromatic solids with simple π-backbones have been employed as morphology modulators to control the aggregation of A-DA′D-A-typed SMAs during self-assembly.…”