The Sustainable Development Goal on Water and Sanitation: Learning from the Millennium Development Goals

Weststrate, Johanna; Dijkstra, Geske; Eshuis, Jasper; Gianoli, Alberto; Rusca, Maria

doi:10.1007/s11205-018-1965-5

Cited by 111 publications

(66 citation statements)

References 39 publications

(52 reference statements)

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“…In this study we used two proxies: access to electricity, access to improved sanitation; as a green indicator to improve the quality of life and depend on social economic factor and analysis the social human well-being to decrease the inequality in the future to have resources with less environmental risk. The selection of these variables is consistent with previous studied such as Mihelcic et al (2017) ; Weststrate, et al ( 2019) ; UNCTAD secretariat. (1999) Mensah J.…”

Section: Methodssupporting

confidence: 85%

The Impacts of Financial Development on Green and Non-Green Energy Consumption: Empirical Evidence From OPEC Countries

Alshubiri¹,

Elheddad²,

Jamil³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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This paper aims to examine the impact of financial development on green and non-green energy consumption in the Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) over the period of 1990–2015.The data was collected from the Green Growth Knowledge Platform Database and the World Development Indicators (WDI) of the World Bank for 14 OPEC countries over the period of 1990–2015.We used two different proxies for financial development: (1) domestic financial development, measured by domestic credit in the private sector as a percentage of gross domestic product(GDP), and (2)foreign financial development, measured by the foreign direct investment (FDI) stock as a share of GDP. The main model developed three hypotheses; the first two were sub-hypotheses that characterized green energy through proxies: access to improved sanitation and access to electricity. The third hypothesis was anon-green (brown) energy proxy using CO2 emissions per capita. All three hypotheses used five control variables: by GDP per capita, urbanisation/total population ratio, oil rent/GDP ratio, investment/GDP per capita ratio and trade openness. In order to evaluate these hypotheses, we used the instrumental-variable (IV) approach with a fixed effect option to control for both endogeneity and heterogeneity, and we used the lags of the independent variables as instruments for financial development, as lagged variables are arguably exogenous. The impacts of financial development on environmental quality varied between foreign direct investments (foreign financial development) and the domestic credit ratio (domestic financial development). Our main results suggest that FDI degrades environmental quality in OPEC economies, and FDI represents a source of pollution by increasing CO2 emissions per capita (non-renewable) by about 0.0224% and decreasing non-renewable energy consumption variables. In other words, FDI’s non-renewable and renewable relationship supports the non-green growth hypothesis.JEL Classification B22. B26. D53. E21. F63. K32

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Section: Methodssupporting

confidence: 85%

The Impacts of Financial Development on Green and Non-Green Energy Consumption: Empirical Evidence From OPEC Countries

Alshubiri¹,

Elheddad²,

Jamil³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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“…Indeed, the respective Millennium Development Goal of halving the proportion of global population without access to clean and safe drinking water by 2015, was achieved 5 years earlier in 2010 (2.6 billion people had gained access to improved drinking water since 1990). Of course the problem has not been solved, as 3 in 10 people still lack access to safely managed drinking water services (see Weststrate et al 2019;Alcamo 2019). Respective dynamics should underlie also our counterintuitive results on infant mortality with data going back to 1980.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Financial crises and the attainment of the SDGs: an adjusted multidimensional poverty approach

2019

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This paper analyses the impact of financial crises on the Sustainable Development Goal of eradicating poverty. To do so, we develop an adjusted Multidimensional Poverty Framework (MPF) that includes 15 indicators that span across key poverty aspects related to income, basic needs, health, education and the environment. We then use an econometric model that allows us to examine the impact of financial crises on these indicators in 150 countries over the period 1980-2015. Our analysis produces new estimates on the impact of financial crises on poverty's multiple social, economic and environmental aspects and equally important captures dynamic linkages between these aspects. Thus, we offer a better understanding of the potential impact of current debt dynamics on Multidimensional Poverty and demonstrate the need to move beyond the boundaries of SDG1, if we are to meet the target of eradicating poverty. Our results indicate that the current financial distress experienced by many low-income countries may reverse the progress that has been made hitherto in reducing poverty. We find that financial crises are associated with an approximately 10% increase of extreme poor in low-income countries. The impact is even stronger in some other poverty aspects. For instance, crises are associated with an average decrease of government spending in education by 17.72% in low-income countries. The dynamic linkages between most of the Multidimensional Poverty indicators, warn of a negative domino effect on a number of SDGs related to poverty, if there is a financial crisis shock. To preempt such a domino effect, the specific SDG target 17.4 on attaining longterm debt sustainability through coordinated policies plays a key role and requires urgent attention by the international community.

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“…As suggested by Pullan et al [57], spatially mapping uneven access to water and sanitation services is crucial to identify marginalized groups and monitor progress in access. To illustrate, the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) and the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) measure progress in access to water and sanitation with quantifiable and 'simple' targets, while qualitative data are overlooked [58]. Disengaging with these data carries the immediate risk of weakening critical geography's influence on what is measured, why and on how it is interpreted.…”

Section: Compatibility: the Power Of Quantitative Data For Progressivmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interdisciplinary Critical Geographies of Water: Capturing the Mutual Shaping of Society and Hydrological Flows

Rusca

Baldassarre

2019

Water

Self Cite

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In light of recent calls for an increased commitment to interdisciplinary endeavors, this paper reflects on the implications of a critical geography of water that crosses social and natural sciences. Questions on how to best research the relationship between water and society have been raised both in the field of critical geographies of water and sociohydrology. Yet, there has been little crossover between these disciplinary perspectives. This, we argue, may be partly explained by the fact that interdisciplinary research is both advocated and antagonized. On the one hand, interdisciplinarity is argued to deliver more in terms of effectively informing policy processes and developing theoretical perspectives that can reform and regenerate knowledge. On the other hand, natural and social sciences are often presented as ontologically, epistemologically, and methodologically incompatible. Drawing on our own research experience and expertise, this paper focuses on the multiple ways in which critical geographies of water and sociohydrology are convergent, compatible, and complementary. We reflect on the existing theoretical instruments to engage in interdisciplinary research and question some of the assumptions on the methodological and epistemological incompatibility between natural and social sciences. We then propose that an interdisciplinary resource geography can further understandings of how power and the non-human co-constitute the social world and hydrological flows and advance conceptualizations of water as socionatures.

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The Sustainable Development Goal on Water and Sanitation: Learning from the Millennium Development Goals

Cited by 111 publications

References 39 publications

The Impacts of Financial Development on Green and Non-Green Energy Consumption: Empirical Evidence From OPEC Countries

The Impacts of Financial Development on Green and Non-Green Energy Consumption: Empirical Evidence From OPEC Countries

Financial crises and the attainment of the SDGs: an adjusted multidimensional poverty approach

Interdisciplinary Critical Geographies of Water: Capturing the Mutual Shaping of Society and Hydrological Flows

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