The structural effects of Vitamin A deficiency on biological macromolecules due to ethanol consumption and withdrawal: An FTIR study with chemometrics

Abstract

The structural effects of vitamin Adeficiency were examined on the molecular profiles of biomolecules of male rat hippocampus during prolonged ethanol intake/withdrawal using FT-IR spectroscopy coupled with chemometrics. Liquid ethanol diet with/without vitamin A was maintained to adult rats for 3-months. The rats were decapitated at different ethanol withdrawal times and FT-IR spectra were obtained. Ethanol consumption/withdrawal produced significant changes in proteins' conformations, while having insignificant structural effects on lipids. In vitamin A deficiency, ethanol produced structural changes in lipids by lipid ordering especially in the early-ethanol withdrawal. Furthermore, an increase in lipid and protein content, saturated/unsaturated lipid ratio, a decrease in nucleic acids content and decrease in membrane fluidity were observed. These changes were less severe in the presence of Vitamin A. This study is clinically important for individuals with vitamin A deficiency because they have to be more cautious when consuming alcohol to protect themselves from cognitive dysfunctions.

Detection of chemometric-guided biomarkers associated with alcohol consumption in mice liver tissue using infrared spectroscopy

“…It is already being successfully adapted for different types of samples such as food samples (Gezek et al, 2019;Kalaycıoğlu et al, 2017;Kaygusuz et al, 2016) or bibliometric data (Kaygusuz, 2021). Unsupervised methods like PCA and HCA can be combined to analyze the data structure and spot patterns in a variety of samples including tissues and biofluids (Biancolillo & Marini, 2018;Elibol et al, 2022;Peris-Díaz & Krężel, 2021;Sharma et al, 2020). These techniques are efficient in terms of extracting significant information in complex spectroscopic data of biological samples, viz., biomarkers.…”

“…The relative molecular content and structural information of the biological systems including tissues can be examined and understood using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. FTIR spectroscopy with chemometric techniques can be used to determine spectral biomarkers of diseases, chemical agent-or drug-induced molecular changes in the tissues (Algburi et al, 2022;Elibol et al, 2022;Kucuk Baloglu et al, 2023;Ustaoglu et al, 2021) and biofluids (Yonar et al, 2018(Yonar et al, , 2022. Development of spectroscopic biomarkers are important for diagnosing and monitoring conditions like FAS and alcoholic liver disease.…”