The strong El Niño of 2015/16 and its dominant impacts on global and China's climate

Zhai, Panmao; Yu, Rong; Guo, Yuxue; Li, Qingxiang; Ren, Xuejuan; Wang, Yaqiang; Xu, Weina; Liu, Yanju; Ding, Yihui

doi:10.1007/s13351-016-6101-3

Cited by 144 publications

(85 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…As a consequence, the POM carried by rivers is dominated by in situ phytoplankton (e.g., diatoms and green algae), as evidenced by the relatively more depleted δ 13 C values (Figure ) and low POC/ Chl a ratios (< 200) [ Guo et al ., ], which is a good indicator for the predominance of newly produced phytoplankton [ Cifuentes et al ., ]. November 2015 was an exception, when there was abnormally high precipitation and river discharge (Figure a), possibly related to the strong El Niño conditions in 2015, which reached peak intensity during November [ Zhai et al ., ]. For this time period, riverine POM was largely derived from the erosion of soil organic matter, as evidenced by the relatively enriched δ 13 C values and high POC/ Chl a ratios (>200).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seasonal dynamics of particulate organic matter and its response to flooding in the Pearl River Estuary, China, revealed by stable isotope (δ¹³C and δ¹⁵N) analyses

Guo

et al. 2017

JGR Oceans

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Nine cruises were conducted on a seasonal basis from 2013 to 2015 to investigate the spatial distribution and seasonal variability of δ13C and δ15N in particulate organic matter (POM), and its response to flooding in the Pearl River Estuary (PRE), south China. Our study reveals highly variable isotope ratios between seasons in this subtropical estuary, following seasonal climatic and hydrological cycles. Wet seasons had more isotopically depleted δ13C values, indicating the dominance of terrestrial and freshwater algae POM, whereas the contribution from marine phytoplankton (16%–59%) was higher during the dry seasons. In contrast, δ15N exhibited a sharp increase (up to 17.6‰) at low salinities (0–5) during high flow seasons. This was consistent with high NO3− concentrations, reflecting phytoplankton and bacteria assimilation of δ15N enriched‐ NO3− as well as notable isotope fractionation during microbial mineralization. There was little annual variability in δ13C over the 2 year period; however, particulate nitrogen (PN) exhibited lower concentrations but more enriched isotope values in 2015 than in 2014. This can be best explained by temperature‐modulated biological processing of particulate organic nitrogen, partially due to different biogeochemical responses during normal (2014) and strong El Niño (2015) years. After flooding in June 2015, terrestrial organic matter and freshwater phytoplankton were the major components of POM within the estuary and shelf areas, whereas marine phytoplankton was the dominant component in the adjacent coastal waters with mid‐salinities (10 < S < 20), as revealed by a phytoplankton bloom (>10 μg L−1) and δ13C‐enriched but δ15N‐depleted POM.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seasonal dynamics of particulate organic matter and its response to flooding in the Pearl River Estuary, China, revealed by stable isotope (δ¹³C and δ¹⁵N) analyses

Guo

et al. 2017

JGR Oceans

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“…Zou et al (2017) reported that such atmospheric patterns could be explained by changes in cryospheric forcing, for example, when Arctic sea ice reached its minimum value in the autumn of 2012. Compared with circulation anomalies in January 2013 forced by cryospheric changes, anomalous atmospheric patterns in December 2015 reflected the impact of 2015/2016 extreme El Niño (Chang et al, 2016;Zhai et al, 2016). In December 2015, an anomalous high SLP off the east coast developed and covered a large fraction of the northwest Pacific, and the associated warm and humid southerlies extended to eastern China (Figure 2c).…”

Section: Recent Most Severe Haze Events and The Associated Large-scalmentioning

confidence: 97%

Attribution of Anthropogenic Influence on Atmospheric Patterns Conducive to Recent Most Severe Haze Over Eastern China

Liao

Cai

et al. 2018

Geophysical Research Letters

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Severe haze pollution in eastern China has caused substantial health impacts and economic loss. Conducive atmospheric conditions are important to affect occurrence of severe haze events, and circulation changes induced by future global climate warming are projected to increase the frequency of such events. However, a potential contribution of an anthropogenic influence to recent most severe haze (December 2015 and January 2013) over eastern China remains unclear. Here we show that the anthropogenic influence, which is estimated by using large ensemble runs with a climate model forced with and without anthropogenic forcings, has already increased the probability of the atmospheric patterns conducive to severe haze by at least 45% in January 2013 and 27% in December 2015, respectively. We further confirm that simulated atmospheric circulation pattern changes induced by anthropogenic influence are driven mainly by increased greenhouse gas emissions. Our results suggest that more strict reductions in pollutant emissions are needed under future anthropogenic warming.

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“…The 2014-2016 period can be characterized by its El Niño events; there was a moderate eastern Pacific El Niño during winter 2014-2015 and a super El Niño during winter 2015-2016 (Chen et al, 2015;Min et al, 2015;Chen et al, 2016;Zhai et al, 2016). An El Niño event generally elevates global mean surface temperature of the following year (Trenberth et al, 2002;Banholzer and Donner, 2014;Zhang et al, 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The global warming hiatus has faded away: An analysis of 2014–2016 global surface air temperatures

Zhang

Luo

et al. 2019

Intl Journal of Climatology

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We present an analysis of the global annual mean surface temperature anomaly in 2014, 2015, and 2016 based on five datasets of historical observational records of surface temperature. These three years are the three warmest on record in all but one of the datasets. The largest warming occurred over land, especially at high latitudes. Since the strong El Niño event that occurred in 2015/2016 was similar to the 1997/1998 El Niño, we compared the 2014–2016 period with 1998, the warmest year in the 20th century. The contribution to the annual mean surface temperature anomaly of climate variations at different time scales was assessed using ensemble empirical mode decomposition. Results based on the HadCRUT4 dataset suggest that the interannual component may have contributed an anomaly of −0.01°C in 2014, 0.12°C in 2015, and 0.06°C in 2016. These values are substantially lower than the contribution in 1998 (0.18°C). In comparison, the combined contribution of the decadal‐to‐multidecadal (DM) component and the long‐term warming trend was 0.64°C in 2014, 0.70°C in 2015, and 0.77°C in 2016, which are substantially greater than that in 1998 (0.41°C). Similar results were obtained using the other four datasets. The larger contribution from the DM component and the long‐term warming trend implies that warmer years like 2014–2016 may occur more frequently in the near future. We conclude that the so‐called warming hiatus has faded away.

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The strong El Niño of 2015/16 and its dominant impacts on global and China's climate

Cited by 144 publications

References 25 publications

Seasonal dynamics of particulate organic matter and its response to flooding in the Pearl River Estuary, China, revealed by stable isotope (δ¹³C and δ¹⁵N) analyses

Seasonal dynamics of particulate organic matter and its response to flooding in the Pearl River Estuary, China, revealed by stable isotope (δ¹³C and δ¹⁵N) analyses

Attribution of Anthropogenic Influence on Atmospheric Patterns Conducive to Recent Most Severe Haze Over Eastern China

The global warming hiatus has faded away: An analysis of 2014–2016 global surface air temperatures

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The strong El Niño of 2015/16 and its dominant impacts on global and China's climate

Cited by 144 publications

References 25 publications

Seasonal dynamics of particulate organic matter and its response to flooding in the Pearl River Estuary, China, revealed by stable isotope (δ13C and δ15N) analyses

Seasonal dynamics of particulate organic matter and its response to flooding in the Pearl River Estuary, China, revealed by stable isotope (δ13C and δ15N) analyses

Attribution of Anthropogenic Influence on Atmospheric Patterns Conducive to Recent Most Severe Haze Over Eastern China

The global warming hiatus has faded away: An analysis of 2014–2016 global surface air temperatures

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Product

Resources

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Seasonal dynamics of particulate organic matter and its response to flooding in the Pearl River Estuary, China, revealed by stable isotope (δ¹³C and δ¹⁵N) analyses

Seasonal dynamics of particulate organic matter and its response to flooding in the Pearl River Estuary, China, revealed by stable isotope (δ¹³C and δ¹⁵N) analyses