2012
DOI: 10.1007/s11011-012-9283-0
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The spleen contributes to stroke induced neurodegeneration through interferon gamma signaling

Abstract: Delayed neuronal death associated with stroke has been increasingly linked to the immune response to the injury. Splenectomy prior to middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) is neuroprotective and significantly reduces neuroinflammation. The present study investigated whether splenic signaling occurs through interferon gamma (IFNγ). IFNγ was elevated early in spleens but later in the brains of rats following MCAO. Splenectomy decreased the amount of IFNγ in the infarct post-MCAO. Systemic administration of rec… Show more

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Cited by 102 publications
(129 citation statements)
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“…The timing of the release of immune cells is swift, usually within 1 to 3 days [143]. However, the splenic response to stroke is generally regarded as destructive, with splenectomy providing marked protection against ischemic injury and resulting in a decreased infarct volume [144][145][146][147], in part by reducing neuroinflammation [144], which appears to be mediated primarily by IFN-γ [147]. The spleen contains T cells, B cells, natural killer cells, and monocytes/macrophages [148], and splenectomy reduces the infiltration of all these cell types [144], leaving it unclear which cell types are responsible for the neurodegenerative effects of peripheral immune cells observed after stroke.…”
Section: Peripheral Immune Cellsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The timing of the release of immune cells is swift, usually within 1 to 3 days [143]. However, the splenic response to stroke is generally regarded as destructive, with splenectomy providing marked protection against ischemic injury and resulting in a decreased infarct volume [144][145][146][147], in part by reducing neuroinflammation [144], which appears to be mediated primarily by IFN-γ [147]. The spleen contains T cells, B cells, natural killer cells, and monocytes/macrophages [148], and splenectomy reduces the infiltration of all these cell types [144], leaving it unclear which cell types are responsible for the neurodegenerative effects of peripheral immune cells observed after stroke.…”
Section: Peripheral Immune Cellsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The timing of the release of immune cells is swift, usually within 1 to 3 days [143]. However, the splenic response to stroke is generally regarded as destructive, with splenectomy providing marked protection against ischemic injury and resulting in a decreased infarct volume [144][145][146][147], in part by reducing neuroinflammation [144], which appears to be mediated primarily by IFN-γ [147]. The spleen contains T cells, B cells, natural killer cells, and monocytes/macrophages [148], and splenectomy reduces the infiltration of all these cell types [144], leaving it unclear which cell types are responsible for the neurodegenerative effects of peripheral immune cells observed after stroke.…”
Section: Peripheral Immune Cellsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Эти пациенты характеризу-ются большей тяжестью инсульта и выраженно-стью воспалительной реакции, в частности более высоким уровнем в плазме интерферона-гамма, IL-6, IL-12, IL-13 и IL-10 [124]. Вовлечение кле-ток селезенки при инсульте связывают с акти-вацией симпатической нервной системы [96] и повышенной экспрессией провоспалительных медиаторов, включая хемокины и цитокины (TNFα, IFNγ, IL-6, MCP-1, MIP-2, CCR1, CCR2, CCR7 и IP-10) [86,111]. Удаление селезенки или ее облучение перед или сразу после окклю-зии мозговой артерии уменьшает размеры ише-мического инфаркта и улучшает восстановление [90,137].…”
Section: системные проявления иммунного ответа на острую ишемиюunclassified