The SPI-19 encoded T6SS is required for Salmonella Pullorum survival within avian macrophages and initial colonization in chicken dependent on inhibition of host immune response

Xian, Honghong; Yu, Yuan; Yin, Chao; Wang, Zhenyu; Ji, Ruoyun; Chu, Chao; Jiao, Xinan; Li, Qiuchun

doi:10.1016/j.vetmic.2020.108867

Cited by 15 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…As mentioned, no effector protein has been described to be encoded within the SPI-19 T6SS gene cluster in Salmonella, despite its clear contribution to intestinal colonization and antibacterial activity (Blondel et al, 2010;Pezoa et al, 2014;Schroll et al, 2019;Xian et al, 2020). To identify novel T6SS effector proteins encoded within SPI-19, we performed bioinformatic analyses of each ORF included in this T6SS gene cluster of S. Dublin CT_02021853.…”

Section: The Spi-19 Of S Dublin Ct_02021853 Encodes 2 Putative T6ss E...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Notably, while both T6SS SPI-6 and T6SS SPI-19 have been linked to antibacterial competition, virulence, and host colonization in different Salmonella serotypes ( Blondel et al, 2010 , 2013 ; Libby et al, 2010 ; Wang et al, 2011 , 2019 ; Mulder et al, 2012 ; Pezoa et al, 2013 ; Koskiniemi et al, 2014 ; Brunet et al, 2015a ; Sana et al, 2016 ; Schroll et al, 2019 ; Sibinelli-Sousa et al, 2020 ; Xian et al, 2020 ), there is limited information regarding the effector proteins encoded within the corresponding gene clusters among different Salmonella serotypes. Furthermore, the contribution of both T6SSs to these phenotypes seems to differ between strains within the same serotype ( Schroll et al, 2019 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Identification of Type VI Secretion Systems Effector Proteins That Contribute to Interbacterial Competition in Salmonella Dublin

et al. 2022

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The Type VI Secretion System (T6SS) is a multiprotein device that has emerged as an important fitness and virulence factor for many Gram-negative bacteria through the injection of effector proteins into prokaryotic or eukaryotic cells via a contractile mechanism. While some effector proteins specifically target bacterial or eukaryotic cells, others can target both types of cells (trans-kingdom effectors). In Salmonella, five T6SS gene clusters have been identified within pathogenicity islands SPI-6, SPI-19, SPI-20, SPI-21, and SPI-22, which are differentially distributed among serotypes. Salmonella enterica serotype Dublin (S. Dublin) is a cattle-adapted pathogen that harbors both T6SSSPI-6 and T6SSSPI-19. Interestingly, while both systems have been linked to virulence and host colonization in S. Dublin, an antibacterial activity has not been detected for T6SSSPI-6 in this serotype. In addition, there is limited information regarding the repertoire of effector proteins encoded within T6SSSPI-6 and T6SSSPI-19 gene clusters in S. Dublin. In the present study, we demonstrate that T6SSSPI-6 and T6SSSPI-19 of S. Dublin CT_02021853 contribute to interbacterial competition. Bioinformatic and comparative genomic analyses allowed us to identify genes encoding three candidate antibacterial effectors located within SPI-6 and two candidate effectors located within SPI-19. Each antibacterial effector gene is located upstream of a gene encoding a hypothetic immunity protein, thus conforming an effector/immunity (E/I) module. Of note, the genes encoding these effectors and immunity proteins are widely distributed in Salmonella genomes, suggesting a relevant role in interbacterial competition and virulence. Finally, we demonstrate that E/I modules SED_RS01930/SED_RS01935 (encoded in SPI-6), SED_RS06235/SED_RS06230, and SED_RS06335/SED_RS06340 (both encoded in SPI-19) contribute to interbacterial competition in S. Dublin CT_02021853.

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Section: The Spi-19 Of S Dublin Ct_02021853 Encodes 2 Putative T6ss E...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of Type VI Secretion Systems Effector Proteins That Contribute to Interbacterial Competition in Salmonella Dublin

et al. 2022

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“…Furthermore, SPI-14 is responsible for the regulation of SPI-1 genes [38]. Xian et al [47] reported that a type VI secretion system (T6SS) encoded in SPI-19, presented in Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Pullorum (S. Pullorum) is a virulence factor necessary for pathogen survival in macrophages and initial colonization of chickens.…”

Section: Salmonella Pathogenesismentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Salmonella Pathogenesismentioning

confidence: 99%

Transcriptional Regulation of the Multiple Resistance Mechanisms in Salmonella—A Review

et al. 2021

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The widespread use of antibiotics, especially those with a broad spectrum of activity, has resulted in the development of multidrug resistance in many strains of bacteria, including Salmonella. Salmonella is among the most prevalent causes of intoxication due to the consumption of contaminated food and water. Salmonellosis caused by this pathogen is pharmacologically treated using antibiotics such as fluoroquinolones, ceftriaxone, and azithromycin. This foodborne pathogen developed several molecular mechanisms of resistance both on the level of global and local transcription modulators. The increasing rate of antibiotic resistance in Salmonella poses a significant global concern, and an improved understanding of the multidrug resistance mechanisms in Salmonella is essential for choosing the suitable antibiotic for the treatment of infections. In this review, we summarized the current knowledge of molecular mechanisms that control gene expression related to antibiotic resistance of Salmonella strains. We characterized regulators acting as transcription activators and repressors, as well as two-component signal transduction systems. We also discuss the background of the molecular mechanisms of the resistance to metals, regulators of multidrug resistance to antibiotics, global regulators of the LysR family, as well as regulators of histone-like proteins.

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“…The study found 20% of S. pullorum infected birds showed gradually decreasing bacterial numbers in the spleen and liver with clearance between 20-25 weeks of age, while in females the decline is interrupted by the onset of sexual maturity which leads to reduced T cell responsiveness [5]. Salmonella pathogenicity island (SPI), such as SPI-2 and SPI-19, were involved in mediating the inhibition of host immune responses, resulting in persistent colonization of S. Pullorum in hosts [3,6].…”

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confidence: 99%

Evaluating Salmonella pullorum dissemination and shedding patterns and antibody production in infected chickens

Shen

Zhang

et al. 2022

BMC Vet Res

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Background Pullorum disease caused by Salmonella pullorum is one of the most important infectious diseases in the poultry industry, responsible for causing substantial economic losses globally. On farms, the traditional method to detect S. pullorum infection mainly involves the collection of feces and sera to test for antigens and antibodies, respectively, but the regularity of Salmonella pullorum dissemination in internal organs and shedding patterns and antibody production in infected chickens remains unclear. Herein we aimed to investigate the dissemination of S. pullorum to different organs and bacterial shedding patterns in the faeces as well as serum antibody production post-infection in chickens of different ages. Result In this study, the liver and heart of 2-day-old chickens showed the highest copy numbers of S. pullorum at 6.4 × 106 and 1.9 × 106 copies of DNA target sequences/30 mg, respectively. In case of 10-day-old chickens, the percentage of S. pullorum fecal shedding (0%–40%) and antibody production (0%–56.6%) markedly fluctuated during the entire experiment; furthermore, in case of 42-week-old chickens, the percentage of birds showing S. pullorum shedding in the faeces showed a downward trend (from 63.33% to 6.6% in the oral inoculation group and from 43.3% to 10% in the intraperitoneal injection group), while that of birds showing serum antibody production remained at a high level (38.3% and 80% in the oral inoculation and intraperitoneal injection groups, respectively). We also performed cohabitation experiments, showed that 15% 10-day-old and 3.33% 42-week-old chickens were infected via the horizontal transmission in cohabitation with S. pullorum infected chickens, and revealed a high risk of horizontal transmission of S. pullorum. Conclusion This study systematically evaluated the dissemination of S. pullorum in internal organs and bacterial fecal shedding patterns, and antibody production in infected chickens. Collectively, our findings indicate how to effectively screen S. pullorum-negative chickens on livestock farms and should also help in the development of measures to control and eradicate S. pullorum.

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The SPI-19 encoded T6SS is required for Salmonella Pullorum survival within avian macrophages and initial colonization in chicken dependent on inhibition of host immune response

Cited by 15 publications

References 22 publications

Identification of Type VI Secretion Systems Effector Proteins That Contribute to Interbacterial Competition in Salmonella Dublin

Identification of Type VI Secretion Systems Effector Proteins That Contribute to Interbacterial Competition in Salmonella Dublin

Transcriptional Regulation of the Multiple Resistance Mechanisms in Salmonella—A Review

Evaluating Salmonella pullorum dissemination and shedding patterns and antibody production in infected chickens

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