The spherical nanoparticle-encapsulated chlorhexidine enhances anti-biofilm efficiency through an effective releasing mode and close microbial interactions

Li, Xuan; Wong, Chi Hin; Ng, Tsz-Wing; Zhang, Chengfei; Leung, Ken Cham‐Fai; Jin, Lijian

doi:10.2147/ijn.s105681

Cited by 22 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…The biofilms were then treated with TC (0.5, 0.75 and 1%), NaOCl, CHX, DMSO or deionized water for 5 and 15 min. The treatment solutions were then carefully aspirated, biofilms were rinsed with PBS and the biofilm viability was evaluated using the XTT metabolic activity as described previously [23]. Briefly explained, 200 µl of (XTT + menadione) reaction solution was added to each well, and incubated in dark for 3 h at 37°C.…”

Section: Short-term Treatment Of E Faecalis Biofilmsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trans-cinnamaldehyde potently kills Enterococcus faecalis biofilm cells and prevents biofilm recovery

Ali

Cheung

Matinlinna

et al. 2020

Microbial Pathogenesis

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Enterococcus faecalis is a biofilm-forming, nosocomial pathogen that is frequently isolated from failed root canal treatments. Contemporary root canal disinfectants are ineffective in eliminating these biofilms and preventing reinfection. As a result, there is a pressing need to identify novel and safe antibiofilm molecules. The effect of short-term (5 and 15 min) and long-term (24 h) treatments of TC on the viability of E. faecalis biofilms was compared with currently used root canal disinfectants. Treatment for 15 min with TC reduced biofilm metabolic activity as effective as 1% sodium hypochlorite and 2% chlorhexidine. Treatment with TC for 24 h was significantly more effective than 2% chlorhexidine in reducing the viable cell counts of biofilms. This serendipitous effect of TC was sustained for 10 days under growthfavoring conditions. For the first time, our study highlights the strong antibacterial activity of TC against E. faecalis biofilms, and notably, its ability to prevent biofilm recovery after treatment.

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Section: Short-term Treatment Of E Faecalis Biofilmsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trans-cinnamaldehyde potently kills Enterococcus faecalis biofilm cells and prevents biofilm recovery

Ali

Cheung

Matinlinna

et al. 2020

Microbial Pathogenesis

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“…In another approach to the topic, Li et al studied the effect on the morphology and size of silica nanosystems (rounded vs rod-like nanoparticles) on the delivery of chlorhexidine to several bacterial lines ( Streptococcus sobrinus, Streptococcus mutans and C. albicans ). 35 From their studies, it is demonstrated that nonmodified MSNs were able to adhere better onto bacterial walls as a consequence of the interaction between the negatively charged silica and peptidoglycans therein. Regarding particle size these authors found that even with the same functionalization, larger particles (over 100 nm) were unable to diffuse into the cytoplasm, causing not only damage at the bacterial walls, but also not a complete antibiotic effect.…”

Section: Delivery Of Antibiotic Compoundsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Advances Toward the Use of Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles for the Treatment of Bacterial Infections

Castillo

2021

IJN

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It is a fact that the use of antibiotics is inducing a growing resistance on bacteria. This situation is not only the consequence of a drugs’ misuse, but a direct consequence of a widespread and continuous use. Current studies suggest that this effect could be reversed by using abandoned antibiotics to which bacteria have lost their resistance, but this is only a temporary solution that in near future would lead to new resistance problems. Fortunately, current nanotechnology offers a new life for old and new antibiotics, which could have significantly different pharmacokinetics when properly delivered; enabling new routes able to bypass acquired resistances. In this contribution, we will focus on the use of porous silica nanoparticles as functional carriers for the delivery of antibiotics and biocides in combination with additional features like membrane sensitizing and heavy metal-driven metabolic-disrupting therapies as two of the most interesting combination therapies.

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“…The data indicate that there was a drop in the antialgal effect of CHX when loaded within shellac NPs in comparison with effect of the free CHX, while there was a profound change in the antialgal action of the encapsulated CHX after coating the nanocarrier with ODTAB. Note that most other CHX nanocarriers reported in the literature had negative surface charges [42][43][44][45]. The cationic surface of the ODTAB-coated NPs attracts them to the negatively charged algal cell membrane and subsequently delivers higher loads of CHX ions on their membranes.…”

Section: Antialgal Activity Of Odtab-coated Chx-loaded Shellac Nps On C Reinhardtiimentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhanced Antimicrobial Action of Chlorhexidine Loaded in Shellac Nanoparticles with Cationic Surface Functionality

2021

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We report on an active nanocarrier for chlorhexidine (CHX) based on sterically stabilized shellac nanoparticles (NPs) with dual surface functionalization, which greatly enhances the antimicrobial action of CHX. The fabrication process for the CHX nanocarrier is based on pH-induced co-precipitation of CHX-DG from an aqueous solution of ammonium shellac and Poloxamer 407 (P407), which serves as a steric stabilizing agent. This is followed by further surface modification with octadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide (ODTAB) through a solvent change to yield cationic surface functionality. In this study, we assessed the encapsulation efficiency and release kinetics of the novel nanocarrier for CHX. We further examined the antimicrobial effects of the CHX nanocarriers and their individual components in order to gain better insight into how they work, to improve their design and to explore the impacts of their dual functionalization. The antimicrobial actions of CHX loaded in shellac NPs were examined on three different proxy microorganisms: a Gram-negative bacterium (E. coli), a yeast (S. cerevisiae) and a microalgae (C. reinhardtii). The antimicrobial actions of free CHX and CHX-loaded shellac NPs were compared over the same CHX concentration range. We found that the non-coated shellac NPs loaded with CHX showed inferior action compared with free CHX due to their negative surface charge; however, the ODTAB-coated, CHX-loaded shellac NPs strongly amplified the antimicrobial action of the CHX for the tested microorganisms. The enhancement of the CHX antimicrobial action was thought to be due to the increased electrostatic adhesion between the cationic surface of the ODTAB-coated, CHX-loaded shellac NPs and the anionic surface of the cell walls of the microorganisms, ensuring direct delivery of CHX with a high concentration locally on the cell membrane. The novel CHX nanocarriers with enhanced antimicrobial action may potentially find applications in dentistry for the development of more efficient formulations against conditions such as gingivitis, periodontitis and other oral infections, as well as enabling formulations to have lower CHX concentrations.

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The spherical nanoparticle-encapsulated chlorhexidine enhances anti-biofilm efficiency through an effective releasing mode and close microbial interactions

Cited by 22 publications

References 30 publications

Trans-cinnamaldehyde potently kills Enterococcus faecalis biofilm cells and prevents biofilm recovery

Trans-cinnamaldehyde potently kills Enterococcus faecalis biofilm cells and prevents biofilm recovery

Recent Advances Toward the Use of Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles for the Treatment of Bacterial Infections

Enhanced Antimicrobial Action of Chlorhexidine Loaded in Shellac Nanoparticles with Cationic Surface Functionality

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