The Spatial Distribution of Electric Responses to Focal Illumination of the Carp's Retina

Motokawa, Köiti; Oikawa, Takahiro; Tasaki, Kyoji; Ogawa, Tetsuro

doi:10.1620/tjem.70.151

Cited by 29 publications

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“…This phenomenon was analyzed by MURAKAMI and SASAKI (1968) with the conclusion that the PII component has a larger spatial distribution than the Pill component, and that the difference in distribution between both ERG components results in opposite polarities in the focally illuminated area and the surrounding non-illuminated region. A similar phenomenon is also observed on the vitreous surface of the excised opened eye of the carp (MOTOKAWA et al, 1959). In this situation, the polarity reversal criterion can not be employed.…”

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confidence: 54%

“…But subsequent work by ARDEN and BROWN (1965) did reveal a polarity reversal of the ERG when the low-resistance shunt of the vitreous humor was abolished by replacing with a non-conductive oil. MOTOKAWA et al (1959) and OGAWA (1961) also used maximal amplitude as a criterion in analyzing the potentials of the carp retina where no polarity reversal was apparent. TOMITA at al.…”

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Localization of the Erg Components in the Carp Retina

Murakami

Sasaki

1968

Jpn.J.Physiol

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The microelectrode technique has been employed by many investigators with the aim of localizing ERG components in the retina. However, the results and/or interpretations of these studies have not always been in agreement. A difference in technique may account for, in part, the difference in results, but in so far as the interpretation is concerned, disagreement may arise because of the different criterion employed in the localization of the ERG components. Three main types of criteria used so far are collected. 1) Point of maximal amplitude, 2) point of polarity reversal and 3) point of maximal potential gradient of the intraretinal response. BROWN and WIESEL (1961b) employed the maximal amplitude criterion since they could not observe a polarity reversal of the intraretinal response in the cat eye. But subsequent work by ARDEN and BROWN (1965) did reveal a polarity reversal of the ERG when the low-resistance shunt of the vitreous humor was abolished by replacing with a non-conductive oil. MOTOKAWA et al. (1959) and OGAWA (1961) also used maximal amplitude as a criterion in analyzing the potentials of the carp retina where no polarity reversal was apparent. TOMITA at al. (1960) employed polarity reversal point as a criterion, since in the depth recording from the freshly excised opened eye of the frog, potential reversals of the ERG components are always observed (" TOMITA pattern" designated by BRINDLEY (1960)), and this fact provides the evidence that these components are generated from radially oriented structures.The polarity reversal criterion, however, is limited in application. As has been analyzed by TOMITA at al. (1960) and BROWN and WIESEL (1961a), the vitreous humor acts as a low-resistance shunt which permits current generated in distant regions to flow into the recording site. Therefore, in the presence of the R membrane lying just back of the retina, an electrode penetrated in the retinal tissue

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confidence: 54%

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confidence: 99%

Localization of the Erg Components in the Carp Retina

Murakami

Sasaki

1968

Jpn.J.Physiol

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“…A more marked difference in the convergence of PII and PIII has been shown in the isolated inverted retina of the carp (MOTOKAWA et al, 1959;MOTOKAWA et al, 1961;OGAWA, 1961). The ERG arising in a focally illuminated area was almost rectangular in shape and positive in polarity; however when the stimulus was incident to a retinal region remote from the electrode, an ERG of negative polarity was recorded.…”

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confidence: 94%

Analysis of Spatial Distribution of the Erg Components in the Carp Retina

Murakami

Sasaki

1968

Jpn.J.Physiol

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The unitary responses which are known to be generated in higher order retinal level, such as the S-potential (TomITA et al., 1958; WATANABE and TOSAKA, 1959; SVAETICHIN et al., 1961), responses of cells in the inner nuclear layer (KANEKO and HASHIMOTO, unpublished) and the ganglion cell discharge (BARLOW et al., 1957), show summative properties over a large retinal area. This indicates a convergence from the receptors to higher order units, which may be expected on histological grounds (POLYAK, 1941). A convergence

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“…It was shown by Motokawa et al 1,2) that the effect of local illumination is not restricted to the illuminated part of the retina, but spreads physiologically into the surrounding areas. Evidence has been provided that the discharge pattern of some retinal ganglion cells depends on the electric field caused by slow potential activity (Motokawa et al3)).…”

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confidence: 99%