The source of the fat significantly affects the results of high-fat diet intervention

Abstract

High-fat diet (HFD) is widely used in animal models of many diseases, it helps to understand the pathogenic mechanism of related diseases. Several dietary fats were commonly used in HFD, such as corn oil, peanut oil, soybean oil, sunflower oil, and lard. However, it was reported that different dietary fat could have completely different effects on physiological indicators and the gut microbiome, and the sources of dietary fat used in high-fat diet research have not been comprehensively compared. In this research, we conduct comparative experiments on various sources of dietary fats to test their different effects during the high-fat diet intervention. We investigated the effects of twelve common dietary fats in high-fat diet intervention of mice, body/liver weight changes, four blood lipid indices, and gut microbiome were analyzed. Our results showed that the source of dietary fat used in high-fat diet significantly affects the changes of body/liver weight and triglyceride (TRIG) in the blood. Furthermore, the intervention of canola oil increased the alpha diversity of gut microbiota, and lard has decreased diversity compared with the control group. The composition of saturated fatty acid (SFA) in fat has the most significant effects on the gut microbiome. All dietary fats treatments have an increasing Firmicutes abundance and a reduced Bacteroidetes abundance in gut microbiome, while the canola oil has a slight variation compared to other intervention groups, and the lard group has the largest changes. This study showed that different types of dietary fat have different effects on the body indicators and intestinal microbiota of mice, and canola oil produced less disturbance than other types of dietary fats in high-fat diet.

Cuka Apel Menurunkan Berat Badan Tikus Dengan Obesitas

“…Pork oil has been shown to increase body weight when consumed in large quantities significantly. (30) In this study, all experimental animals given a high-fat diet were obese.…”

Defects in the expression of colonic host defense factors associate with barrier dysfunction induced by a high‐fat/high‐cholesterol diet

“…Relmβ is a chemotactic factor for CD4 + T cells, which are critical for C. rodentium clearance (Simmons et al, 2003). Other studies have explored the effect of high‐fat diets in C. rodentium infection with variable results, possibly due to the fact that the effects of diets in the colonic microbiome and immunity are highly dependent on the type and source of the fat (An et al, 2022; DeCoffe et al, 2016; Ghosh et al, 2013; Maattanen et al, 2020) and different types of fats can have opposite effects (Hekmatdoost et al, 2013). A recent study reported that administration of a high‐fat/low fiber diet for 1 week previous to infection with C. rodentium reduced its initial colonization, which was restored to normal levels upon dietary fiber supplementation (An et al, 2021).…”

Research progress of gut microbiota and obesity caused by high-fat diet

“…A HFD has been found to significantly reduce the diversity of gut microbiota ( Wan et al., 2019 ), resulting in a decrease in the number of bacteria that are responsible for maintaining the integrity of the gut mucosal barrier and an increase in the number of bacteria that breach it ( Monk et al., 2019 ; Zhang et al., 2019a ). This alteration in gut microbiota is characterized by a reduction in the relative abundance of Bacteroides and an increase in the relative abundance of Firmicutes ( An et al., 2022 ). Moreover, the concentration of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) has been found to increase with the number of Actinomycetes while the number of Bifidobacteria declines as Vibrio desulfonate increased.…”