The Source of Iron‐Oxide Pigments Used in Pecos River Style Rock Paints

Bu, Kaixuan; Cizdziel, James V.; Russ, John C.

doi:10.1111/arcm.12011

Cited by 26 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Furthermore, using LA–ICP–MS, Bu et al . () found that red pictographs in the Lower Pecos contained elevated iron levels.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…Many laboratory‐based methods are able to answer more far‐reaching research questions such as sourcing and elemental fingerprinting (cf., Bu et al . ). Below is a list of considerations when conducting handheld pXRF analysis of pictographs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Demonstrating this, Bu et al . () found uniform calcium levels throughout accretion, pigment and rock substrate layers in Lower Pecos rock paintings using LA–ICP–MS. Resano et al .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…; Bu et al . ) and a long‐term rock‐art recording project is currently under way (e.g., Johnson et al . ; Boyd et al .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Portable X‐Ray Fluorescence Spectroscopy of Pictographs: A Case Study From the Lower Pecos Canyonlands, Texas

Koenig¹,

Castañeda²,

Boyd³

et al. 2013

Archaeometry

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We evaluate the effectiveness of non-destructive portable X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy (pXRF) for elemental analysis of pictographs at 10 sites in the Lower Pecos Canyonlands of Texas. Considerations and limitations of pXRF analysis are discussed to inform future research. We found that manganese and iron minerals were the main constituents of black and red paints, respectively. However, 40 pXRF measurements from 31 images tested at 41VV75 and 41VV76 did not contain manganese, suggesting charcoal pigment-the first widespread documentation of charcoal figures in the area. The identification of charcoal-based pigments is important for rock-art and radiocarbon studies in the region.

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“…Furthermore, using LA–ICP–MS, Bu et al . () found that red pictographs in the Lower Pecos contained elevated iron levels.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Demonstrating this, Bu et al . () found uniform calcium levels throughout accretion, pigment and rock substrate layers in Lower Pecos rock paintings using LA–ICP–MS. Resano et al .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…; Bu et al . ) and a long‐term rock‐art recording project is currently under way (e.g., Johnson et al . ; Boyd et al .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Portable X‐Ray Fluorescence Spectroscopy of Pictographs: A Case Study From the Lower Pecos Canyonlands, Texas

Koenig¹,

Castañeda²,

Boyd³

et al. 2013

Archaeometry

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…; Bu et al . ) have employed solution or laser ablation ICPMS to measure the trace element composition of ochre pigments. Unlike INAA, which requires up to 6 weeks of decay time after sample irradiation before short, middle and long measurements can be completed, LA–ICPMS yields results that are effectively instantaneous (Pollard et al .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ochre fingerprints: Distinguishing among Malawian mineral pigment sources with Homogenized Ochre Chip LA–ICPMS

et al. 2014

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In this study, we compared the effectiveness of instrumental neutron activation analysis (INAA) of bulk ochre to laser ablation-inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry of homogenized ochre chips (HOC LA-ICPMS) at distinguishing among three ochre sources in northern Malawi. Both techniques upheld the Provenance Postulate; however, HOC LA-ICPMS required less sample material than INAA and facilitated fast, inexpensive replicate observations that allowed for more robust statistical analysis. Our results indicated that HOC LA-ICPMS is a maturing technique that will be a valuable option for analysing artefacts that require minimally destructive sampling but are too large to fit into the laser cell for direct ablation. With regard to the statistical procedures used, stepwise canonical discriminant analysis was demonstrated to be a highly effective method for distinguishing among ochre sources, even in the presence of significant intra-source and intra-sample heterogeneity. Continued development of the HOC sample preparation technique will expand the range of archaeological ochre artefacts that can be included in provenance studies and prevent bias towards artefacts of convenient-to-analyse dimensions.

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First in situ pXRF analyses of rock paintings in Erongo, Namibia: results, current limits, and prospects

Mauran

Lebon

Détroit

et al. 2019

Archaeol Anthropol Sci

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Namibia is one of the southern African countries hosting the richest rock art heritage, with thousands of rock paintings. Although numerous studies investigated their distribution, style, and possible meaning, few are known about the materials used to perform these paintings. Our in situ study aimed at identifying the diversity of pigments and alterations of some rock paintings in the northwestern part of the Erongo (Namibia). It relies on extensive pXRF analyses of 35 figures from eight rock art sites of the area. Despite common limits of in situ pXRF analyses, the extensive number of figures analyzed and the original data treatment that we performed pioneered the first scientific analyses of the pigments from rock painting sites in the Erongo Mountains. Furthermore, the study also confirmed the presence of iron oxide pigments on a portion of wall exposed during the excavations carried out at the archeological site of Leopard Cave and of possibly datable alterations over several paintings, paving the way to future chronological analyses of past tradition of rock paintings in Central Namibia.

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The Source of Iron‐Oxide Pigments Used in Pecos River Style Rock Paints

Cited by 26 publications

References 33 publications

Portable X‐Ray Fluorescence Spectroscopy of Pictographs: A Case Study From the Lower Pecos Canyonlands, Texas

Portable X‐Ray Fluorescence Spectroscopy of Pictographs: A Case Study From the Lower Pecos Canyonlands, Texas

Ochre fingerprints: Distinguishing among Malawian mineral pigment sources with Homogenized Ochre Chip LA–ICPMS

First in situ pXRF analyses of rock paintings in Erongo, Namibia: results, current limits, and prospects

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