The SOS4 pyridoxal kinase is required for maintenance of vitamin B6-mediated processes in chloroplasts

Rueschhoff, Elizabeth E.; Gillikin, Jeffrey W.; Sederoff, Heike; Daub, Margaret E.

doi:10.1016/j.plaphy.2012.12.003

Cited by 21 publications

(19 citation statements)

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“…For example, thiamin diphosphate is made in the cytosol but used mainly in plastids and mitochondria (Rapala-Kozik et al, 2012), and vitamin B 6 is made in the cytosol but used throughout the cell (Fitzpatrick, 2011). In this connection, note that the plastids of the vitamin B 6 deficient Arabidopsis mutant in Figure 2 were far more severely deficient in B 6 than the leaf as a whole (Rueschhoff et al, 2013) and that a thiamin-requiring tobacco (Nicotiana sylvestris) mutant appeared to suffer primarily from thiamin deficiency in chloroplasts (McHale et al, 1988).…”

Section: What Actually Constitutes B Vitamin Deficiency?mentioning

confidence: 96%

“…Nutritional trials analogous to those above have not yet been conducted using totally vitamin-deficient mutants. However, mutant plants partially deficient in thiamin or vitamin B 6 have been studied (Woodward et al, 2010;Rueschhoff et al, 2013), as have cultured cells depleted in folate using a reasonably specific antifolate drug (Loizeau et al, 2008;Fig. 2, right half).…”

Section: What Actually Constitutes B Vitamin Deficiency?mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Whole plants, leaves, or cells were used to assess vitamin status. Data sources: rat thiamin (Rains et al, 1997), rat B 6 (Mackey et al, 2003;Scheer et al, 2005), rat folate (Clifford et al, 1993), maize thiamin (Woodward et al, 2010), Arabidopsis B 6 (Rueschhoff et al, 2013), and Arabidopsis folate (Loizeau et al, 2008).…”

Section: Modern Evidencementioning

confidence: 99%

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Does Abiotic Stress Cause Functional B Vitamin Deficiency in Plants?

et al. 2016

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B vitamins are the precursors of essential metabolic cofactors but are prone to destruction under stress conditions. It is therefore a priori reasonable that stressed plants suffer B vitamin deficiencies and that certain stress symptoms are metabolic knock-on effects of these deficiencies. Given the logic of these arguments, and the existence of data to support them, it is a shock to realize that the roles of B vitamins in plant abiotic stress have had minimal attention in the literature (100-fold less than hormones) and continue to be overlooked. In this article, we therefore aim to explain the connections among B vitamins, enzyme cofactors, and stress conditions in plants. We first outline the chemistry and biochemistry of B vitamins and explore the concept of vitamin deficiency with the help of information from mammals. We then summarize classical and recent evidence for stress-induced vitamin deficiencies and for plant responses that counter these deficiencies. Lastly, we consider potential implications for agriculture.

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Section: What Actually Constitutes B Vitamin Deficiency?mentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: What Actually Constitutes B Vitamin Deficiency?mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Does Abiotic Stress Cause Functional B Vitamin Deficiency in Plants?

et al. 2016

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“…A complete loss of vitamin B 6 biosynthesis de novo is embryo lethal (TambascoStudart et al, 2005;Titiz et al, 2006), while mutants in either one of the two catalytic PDX1 genes (PDX1.1 or PDX1.3) have short roots and are stress hypersensitive (Chen and Xiong, 2005;Titiz et al, 2006;Wagner et al, 2006;Boycheva et al, 2015). The latter phenotypes are remarkably similar to mutants in the salvage pathway kinase SOS4 (Rueschhoff et al, 2013), originally isolated due to their salt sensitivity . Recently, the phenotypes associated with pdx1.1 and pdx1.3 have been linked primarily to a perturbation in ethylene and auxin homeostasis (Boycheva et al, 2015), two phytohormones that require PLP as a cofactor for their biosynthesis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In eukaryotes, PLP is needed as a cofactor in numerous subcellular compartments most notably associated with enzymes involved in amino acid metabolism, as well as phytohormone biosynthesis, photorespiration, and others (Mooney and Hellmann, 2010). Biosynthesis of PLP de novo takes place in the cytosol, whereas the PLP salvage enzyme SOS4 has been reported to be plastidic (Rueschhoff et al, 2013). An early study reported a plastidic location for PDX3 (Sang et al, 2011), but it was more recently demonstrated to localize to mitochondria (Colinas et al, 2014;Niehaus et al, 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Balancing of B₆ Vitamers Is Essential for Plant Development and Metabolism in Arabidopsis

et al. 2016

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Vitamin B 6 comprises a family of compounds that is essential for all organisms, most notable among which is the cofactor pyridoxal 59-phosphate (PLP). Other forms of vitamin B 6 include pyridoxamine 59-phosphate (PMP), pyridoxine 59-phosphate (PNP), and the corresponding nonphosphorylated derivatives. While plants can biosynthesize PLP de novo, they also have salvage pathways that serve to interconvert the different vitamers. The selective contribution of these various pathways to cellular vitamin B 6 homeostasis in plants is not fully understood. Although biosynthesis de novo has been extensively characterized, the salvage pathways have received comparatively little attention in plants. Here, we show that the PMP/PNP oxidase PDX3 is essential for balancing B 6 vitamer levels in Arabidopsis thaliana. In the absence of PDX3, growth and development are impaired and the metabolite profile is altered. Surprisingly, RNA sequencing reveals strong induction of stress-related genes in pdx3, particularly those associated with biotic stress that coincides with an increase in salicylic acid levels. Intriguingly, exogenous ammonium rescues the growth and developmental phenotype in line with a severe reduction in nitrate reductase activity that may be due to the overaccumulation of PMP in pdx3. Our analyses demonstrate an important link between vitamin B 6 homeostasis and nitrogen metabolism.

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On the nature of thiamine triphosphate in Arabidopsis

2020

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Vitamin B1 is a family of molecules, the most renowned member of which is diphosphorylated thiamine (TDP)—a coenzyme vital for the activity of key enzymes of energy metabolism. Triphosphorylated thiamine derivatives also exist within this family, specifically thiamine triphosphate (TTP) and adenosine thiamine triphosphate (ATTP). They have been investigated primarily in mammalian cells and are thought to act as metabolic messengers but have not received much attention in plants. In this study, we set out to examine for the presence of these triphosphorylated thiamine derivatives in Arabidopsis. We could find TTP in Arabidopsis under standard growth conditions, but we could not detect ATTP. Interestingly, TTP is found primarily in shoot tissue. Drivers of TTP synthesis are light intensity, the proton motive force, as well as TDP content. In plants, TTP accumulates in the organellar powerhouses, the plastids, and mitochondria. Furthermore, in contrast to other B1 vitamers, there are strong oscillations in tissue levels of TTP levels over diel periods peaking early during the light period. The elevation of TTP levels during the day appears to be coupled to a photosynthesis‐driven process. We propose that TTP may signify TDP sufficiency, particularly in the organellar powerhouses, and discuss our findings in relation to its role.

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The SOS4 pyridoxal kinase is required for maintenance of vitamin B6-mediated processes in chloroplasts

Cited by 21 publications

References 38 publications

Does Abiotic Stress Cause Functional B Vitamin Deficiency in Plants?

Does Abiotic Stress Cause Functional B Vitamin Deficiency in Plants?

Balancing of B₆ Vitamers Is Essential for Plant Development and Metabolism in Arabidopsis

On the nature of thiamine triphosphate in Arabidopsis

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The SOS4 pyridoxal kinase is required for maintenance of vitamin B6-mediated processes in chloroplasts

Cited by 21 publications

References 38 publications

Does Abiotic Stress Cause Functional B Vitamin Deficiency in Plants?

Does Abiotic Stress Cause Functional B Vitamin Deficiency in Plants?

Balancing of B6 Vitamers Is Essential for Plant Development and Metabolism in Arabidopsis

On the nature of thiamine triphosphate in Arabidopsis

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Product

Resources

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Balancing of B₆ Vitamers Is Essential for Plant Development and Metabolism in Arabidopsis