The solution-cathode glow discharge in slow motion: characterization of glow discharge filament structure and droplet ejection using a rectangular capillary

A novel solution cathode glow discharge geometry for improved coupling to optical emission spectrometry

“…dark space, negative glow, positive column) as noted in other examples, 31 as well as the presence of individual and distinct plasma tendrils that cover a portion of the cathode surface. 30 The glow covers approximately 50% of the entire cathode surface under these conditions, and thus has a current density of 49 mA mm −2 , which agrees with prior measurements. 30 Each image in Fig.…”

“…30 The glow covers approximately 50% of the entire cathode surface under these conditions, and thus has a current density of 49 mA mm −2 , which agrees with prior measurements. 30 Each image in Fig. 2 also reveals the spatial distribution of atomic emission, which is typically greatest in the cathode glow region ( e.g.…”

“…8 Recent studies have shown that the current density at the cathode surface remains approximately constant regardless of cathode size or shape, and thus increasing SCGD power is achieved by increasing cathode size. 30…”

“…Prior studies have shown that atomic emission from a rectangular capillary surface is symmetric when the rectangular SCGD is oriented vertically. 30…”

“…Our laboratory has recently constructed a novel SCGD using a rectangular capillary in order to examine both the mechanism of droplet ejection from the liquid cathode surface of the SCGD and the structure of the SCGD at the cathode spots originating from high speed plasma tendrils. 30 The use of different capillary (and anode) shapes allows the plasma structure to be changed, moving from the cone-shape discharge of the typical pin-anode SCGD to the curtain-like structure which is useful in different SCGD applications. In AES, for example, atomic emission has shown to be spatially dependent in the plasma, with molecular background emission being more pronounced in the positive column and atomic emission located predominately in the cathode glow near to the liquid surface.…”