The SMA properties in civil engineering applications. The SMARTeR project: Use of SMA in damping of stayed cables for bridges

Torra, Vicenç; Isalgué, A.; Carreras, Guillem; Lovey, F.C.; Soul, H.; Terriault, Patrick; Zapico, B.

doi:10.1051/esomat/200907016

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 1 publication

(3 reference statements)

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“…Two sets of experimental measurements are realized in realistic cables. The cable No 1 was used in the ELSA-JRC-EU [4,5], with 45 m of length is formed by four sets of steel wires of 15 mm of diameter under 250 kN. The IFSTTAR multilayer cable with 50 m of length with a diameter of 57 mm is stressed by 1000 kN.…”

Section: Application Of the Niti Dampers In Stayed Cablesmentioning

confidence: 99%

SMA in Mitigation of Extreme Loads in Civil Engineering: Damping Actions in Stayed Cables

Torra

Isalgué

Auguet

et al. 2011

AMM

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Abstract. Guaranteeing the use of Shape Memory Alloys (SMA) in mitigation of extreme load effects requires a deep study of the SMA behavior according to the specific requirements of the application. In particular, for a storm is necessary more than one million of working cycles. It is applied to two realistic cables in ELSA (JRC-Ispra, Italy) and in IFSTTAR (old LCPC in Nantes, France). The measurements establish that the SMA reduces drastically the oscillation amplitude. Technical suggestions for the preparation of the dampers are included. For instance, about the two available parameters in the SMA dampers: length () and number (N) of SMA wires. Moreover, a suitable simulation by proprietary SMA routine inside ANSYS is included. IntroductionThe strong winds or the rain and traffic and other external perturbations can induce oscillations in stayed cables of bridges. The millions of oscillation cycles with larger amplitudes induce progressive damage in the cables, in particular, in their fixation devices. The particular characteristics of NiTi SMA [1] suggest that it is a good candidate for its application in damping of the stayed cables. For the guaranteed application of the SMA as damping devices fo bridges, several conditions need to be studied and fulfilled. 1) Several millions of working cycles without fracture. 2) Appropriate resistance to outdoor conditions (wetting, temperature) in the expected lifetime. 3) Damper length invariant in their working conditions. 4) Well-known behavior of the hysteresis cycle and their parasitic effects related to cycling frequency, self-heating and associated heat transfer to surrounding air.The SMA dampers were applied to two realistic cables, first (2009) at ELSA-JRC-EU (Ispra, Italy) to cable No. 1. The length was 45 m and the steel was situated inside a plastic protection refilled with wax that produces some intrinsic and relevant damping. The measurements established that the SMA duplicates de damping. Later, the behavior of the multilayer cable of DSOA-LCPC (2009 and 2010) was analyzed. With a length of 50 m, the DSOA cable does not include any significant damping action. Impulse signals as the Heaviside return were used to induce the vibrations in the cable. The experimental study without and with damper establishes a spectacular reduction of the oscillations. The study includes ideas for the appropriate outline of the dampers and suitable simulation by proprietary SMA routine inside ANSYS.The requirements for the use of SMA to damping of stayed cables are similar to the requirements for earthquakes, but the number of cable oscillations is extremely higher. For strong storms of 3 days the oscillation frequency is highly relevant. In the Iroise bridge for the Elorn River near Brest

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Section: Application Of the Niti Dampers In Stayed Cablesmentioning

confidence: 99%

SMA in Mitigation of Extreme Loads in Civil Engineering: Damping Actions in Stayed Cables

Torra

Isalgué

Auguet

et al. 2011

AMM

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“…The acceptable number of cycles before failure increases as the maximum stress decreases, and low stresses (near 200 MPa) allow reaching more than one million cycles for the 2.46 mm diameter pseudo-elastic wire [8]. The associated strain is relatively low (less than 1.5%), and the hysteresis in one cycle is equivalent to dissipate around 100000 J/m 3 .…”

Section: Behaviour Of Niti Sma Regarding the Applicationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Choice of SMAs for damping applications in Civil Engineering: simulations and realistic experiments

Isalgué¹,

Torra²,

Lovey

et al. 2009

ESOMAT 2009 - 8th European Symposium on Martensitic Transformations

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Abstract. There have been published many papers and several reviews on the application of SMA's as damping devices in civil engineering by using the pseudo-elastic effect, but they are difficult to apply because the behaviour of the alloys is not carefully analyzed. In particular, the summer-winter temperature effects, aging long time at low temperature, self-heating or residual strains requirements for the given applications are rarely well established. In this work, we analyze and compare two cases, the damping of earthquake effects on relatively small structures as family homes, and the damping of stayed cables in large bridges. The requirements for the materials are different, and in each case a different commercial alloy with appropriate conditioning might provide acceptable answers. To confirm the usefulness of the dampers, the hysteretic behaviour of two SMAs (CuAlBe and NiTi) has been analyzed, and later modelled and introduced in finite element codes for the simulation of structures. The behaviour of the structures without and with dampers have been analyzed and compared. Also, some realistic experiments with cable 1 in the ELSA Joint Research Centre of the EU in Ispra have been done with NiTi wire of 2.46 mm diameter as damper, to compare with simulations.

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The SMA properties in civil engineering applications. The SMARTeR project: Use of SMA in damping of stayed cables for bridges

Cited by 2 publications

References 1 publication

SMA in Mitigation of Extreme Loads in Civil Engineering: Damping Actions in Stayed Cables

SMA in Mitigation of Extreme Loads in Civil Engineering: Damping Actions in Stayed Cables

Choice of SMAs for damping applications in Civil Engineering: simulations and realistic experiments

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