The SIR2/3/4 complex and SIR2 alone promote longevity in Saccharomyces cerevisiae by two different mechanisms

Kaeberlein, Matt; McVey, Mitch; Guarente, Leonard

doi:10.1101/gad.13.19.2570

Cited by 2,010 publications

(1,746 citation statements)

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“…Since the discovery and characterization of the first long‐lived mutants in Caenorhabditis elegans and Saccharomyces cerevisiae more than two decades ago (Kaeberlein, McVey & Guarente, 1999; Kenyon, Chang, Gensch, Rudner & Tabtiang, 1993; Morris, Tissenbaum & Ruvkun, 1996; Ogg et al., 1997; Wang et al., 1993), the concept that aging is a malleable biological process has been well embraced (Finch & Ruvkun, 2001; Gems & Partridge, 2013; Kennedy, 2008; Kenyon, 2005, 2010). …”

Section: Research Organisms For Agingmentioning

confidence: 99%

The African turquoise killifish: A research organism to study vertebrate aging and diapause

Brunet²

2018

Aging Cell

122

102

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SummaryThe African turquoise killifish has recently gained significant traction as a new research organism in the aging field. Our understanding of aging has strongly benefited from canonical research organisms—yeast, C. elegans, Drosophila, zebrafish, and mice. Many characteristics that are essential to understand aging—for example, the adaptive immune system or the hypothalamo‐pituitary axis—are only present in vertebrates (zebrafish and mice). However, zebrafish and mice live more than 3 years and their relatively long lifespans are not compatible with high‐throughput studies. Therefore, the turquoise killifish, a vertebrate with a naturally compressed lifespan of only 4–6 months, fills an essential gap to understand aging. With a recently developed genomic and genetic toolkit, the turquoise killifish not only provides practical advantages for lifespan and longitudinal experiments, but also allows more systematic characterizations of the interplay between genetics and environment during vertebrate aging. Interestingly, the turquoise killifish can also enter a long‐term dormant state during development called diapause. Killifish embryos in diapause already have some organs and tissues, and they can last in this state for years, exhibiting exceptional resistance to stress and to damages due to the passage of time. Understanding the diapause state could give new insights into strategies to prevent the damage caused by aging and to better preserve organs, tissues, and cells. Thus, the African turquoise killifish brings two interesting aspects to the aging field—a compressed lifespan and a long‐term resistant diapause state, both of which should spark new discoveries in the field.

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Section: Research Organisms For Agingmentioning

confidence: 99%

The African turquoise killifish: A research organism to study vertebrate aging and diapause

Brunet²

2018

Aging Cell

122

102

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“…HDACs can be divided into several classes based on sequence homology and cofactor dependency: class I, II and IV HDACs are classical HDACs requiring Zn 2 þ as a cofactor, whereas class III HDACs, also known as Sirtuins, require NAD þ as a cofactor (Imai et al, 2000;Haigis and Guarente, 2006;Yang and Seto, 2007). Control of histone acetylation is associated with longevity regulation in lower organisms (Kaeberlein et al, 1999;Tissenbaum and Guarente, 2001;Rogina and Helfand, 2004;Wood et al, 2004;Dang et al, 2009), and changes in histone acetylation in tissues, such as the brain and liver, correlate with age-dependent declines in tissue function (Oh and Conard, 1972;Shen et al, 2008;Kawakami et al, 2009;Peleg et al, 2010). However, the importance of histone acetylation in aging stem cells is less well studied.…”

Section: Histone Acetylation In Aging Stem Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epigenetic regulation of aging stem cells

2011

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“…For example, pioneering studies in budding yeast have shown that replicative aging is correlated with heterochromatin loss in telomeric regions, mating type loci, and rDNA repeats (Kim et al ., 1996; Smeal et al ., 1996; Kennedy et al ., 1997). Importantly, overexpression of Sir2, a histone deacetylase required for heterochromatin formation and gene silencing, induces an increased lifespan in yeast (Kaeberlein et al ., 1999). The connection between heterochromatin maintenance and lifespan extension is further strengthened by studies in Caenorhabditis elegans and Drosophila (Rogina & Helfand, 2004; Hashimoto et al ., 2010; Jiang et al ., 2013; Whitaker et al ., 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Age‐associated de‐repression of retrotransposons in the Drosophila fat body, its potential cause and consequence

et al. 2016

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SummaryEukaryotic genomes contain transposable elements (TE) that can move into new locations upon activation. Since uncontrolled transposition of TEs, including the retrotransposons and DNA transposons, can lead to DNA breaks and genomic instability, multiple mechanisms, including heterochromatin‐mediated repression, have evolved to repress TE activation. Studies in model organisms have shown that TEs become activated upon aging as a result of age‐associated deregulation of heterochromatin. Considering that different organisms or cell types may undergo distinct heterochromatin changes upon aging, it is important to identify pathways that lead to TE activation in specific tissues and cell types. Through deep sequencing of isolated RNAs, we report an increased expression of many retrotransposons in the old Drosophila fat body, an organ equivalent to the mammalian liver and adipose tissue. This de‐repression correlates with an increased number of DNA damage foci and decreased level of Drosophila lamin‐B in the old fat body cells. Depletion of the Drosophila lamin‐B in the young or larval fat body results in a reduction of heterochromatin and a corresponding increase in retrotransposon expression and DNA damage. Further manipulations of lamin‐B and retrotransposon expression suggest a role of the nuclear lamina in maintaining the genome integrity of the Drosophila fat body by repressing retrotransposons.

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The SIR2/3/4 complex and SIR2 alone promote longevity in Saccharomyces cerevisiae by two different mechanisms

Cited by 2,010 publications

References 50 publications

The African turquoise killifish: A research organism to study vertebrate aging and diapause

The African turquoise killifish: A research organism to study vertebrate aging and diapause

Epigenetic regulation of aging stem cells

Age‐associated de‐repression of retrotransposons in the Drosophila fat body, its potential cause and consequence

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