The simultaneous presence of neuroepithelial cells and neuroepithelial bodies in the respiratory gas bladder of the longnose gar, Lepisosteus osseus, and the spotted gar, L. oculatus

Zaccone, Daniele; Dąbrowski, Konrad; Lauriano, Eugenia Rita; Pasquale, Angela de; Macrì, D.; Satora, Leszek; Lanteri, Giovanni

doi:10.1016/j.acthis.2011.07.006

Cited by 12 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 26 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…In air breathing fish, the general description of the gas bladder, or ABO, is an unpaired oval elongated structure arising from the posterior side of the pharynx and connected to the pharynx. It is located dorsal to the body lumen and consists of a central canal that occupies a third of the gas bladder and two lobes that are covered with a very thin tissue wall [1,3,22,24,25,37]. Our findings in alligator gar were similar.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 68%

Fine Structure of the Gas Bladder of Alligator Gar, Atractosteus spatula

Omar-Ali¹,

Baumgartner²,

Allen³

et al. 2016

IJSRET

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Anthropogenic factors seriously affect water quality and adversely affect fish populations. Agricultural runoff accumulates in the Mississippi River and the coastal estuaries. Alligator gar (Atractosteus spatula) inhabits these waters and is impacted by agricultural pollution, petrochemical contaminants and oil spills. These fish are bimodal air breathers, and use a primitive lung as an accessory organ. The gas bladder, or Air Breathing Organ (ABO) of alligator gar (Atractosteus spatula), is a vascularized air sac located dorsal to the body lumen. It has characteristics of amphibian lungs. Alligator gar air-breathing organs function to supplement branchial respiratory exchange with aerial gas exchange. The alligator gar gas bladder is an elongated air sac that originates dorsal to the pharynx. Air enters through a pharyngeal-esophageal duct that is controlled by two glottal ridges. The pharyngeo-esophageal duct is approximately 5mm long and is lined by ciliated columnar epithelium that is continuous with the central canal epithelium. The gas bladder has a central canal that subdivides the bladder into right and left lobes. Each lobe is further divided by septa into series of air spaces. The septa consist of blood vessels and smooth and striated muscles. Air circulates throughout the central canal, lobes and air spaces. The thickness of the septa is determined by underlying, supportive striated muscle. The internal surface of the gas bladder is a continuous respiratory epithelial layer that includes mucus cells, pneumocytes, and ciliated epithelial cells. An understanding of the normal tissue characteristics of this air breathing organ provides a baseline for studying the effects of environmental toxins on this organ.

show abstract

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 68%

Fine Structure of the Gas Bladder of Alligator Gar, Atractosteus spatula

Omar-Ali¹,

Baumgartner²,

Allen³

et al. 2016

IJSRET

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Therefore, the effect of hypoxia and NO acting on targets such as ion channels or cytoskeletal proteins involved in contraction or relaxation of the swim bladder wall musculature needs further investigation. In addition, NO neurotransmission could contribute to the regulation of vascular, respiratory, and cardiac function (Zaccone et al, 2003(Zaccone et al, , 2006(Zaccone et al, , 2009(Zaccone et al, , 2012aPorteus et al, 2015). Indeed, using ancient teleosts such as the eel (Anguilla anguilla), and the African lungfish Protopterus (subclass Dipnoi), Amelio et al (2015) reported that cardiac function regulation is mediated by NO in these fish and discussed the evolutionary significance of such regulation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The swim bladder of garfish is an unpaired, air‐holding structure arising dorsally from the posterior pharynx (Perry et al., ). It has a thin wall and numerous air spaces located laterally (Potter, ; Graham, ; Zaccone et al., ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It acts as a lung, that is, as an oxygen‐absorbing structure. Indeed, the inner surface shows low ridges, and the wall contains smooth and striated muscle and a respiratory epithelium with ciliated cells, goblet cells, and a single type of pneumocyte (Zaccone et al., ). Vascular supply of the swim bladder depends on several pairs of small segmental arteries that arise at regular intervals from the dorsal aorta (Potter, ; Longo et al., ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…() reported new data on the connection between the swim bladder and the pharynx, the structure and ultrastructure of the bladder wall, and the composition of the respiratory epithelium. Neuroepithelial cells (NECs) and an extensive wall innervation are present in the swim bladder, and this demonstrates that its function is under neuronal control (Zaccone et al., ,b).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

The Effect of Hypoxia and Hyperoxia on Growth and Expression of Hypoxia‐Related Genes and Proteins in Spotted Gar Lepisosteus oculatus Larvae and Juveniles

et al. 2016

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

We studied the molecular responses to different water oxygen levels in gills and swim bladder of spotted gar (Lepisosteus oculatus), a bimodal breather. Fish at swim-up stage were exposed for 71 days to normoxic, hypoxic, and hyperoxic water conditions. Then, all aquaria were switched to normoxic conditions for recovery until the end of the experiment (120 days). Fish were sampled at the beginning of the experiment, and then at 71 days of exposure and at 8 days of recovery. We first cloned three hypoxia-related genes, hypoxia-inducible factor 2α (HIF-2α), Na(+) /H(+) exchanger 1 (NHE-1), and NHE-3, and uploaded their cDNA sequences in the GeneBank database. We then used One Step Taqman® real-time PCR to quantify the mRNA copies of target genes in gills and swim bladder of fish exposed to different water O2 levels. We also determined the protein expression of HIF-2α and neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) in the swim bladder by using confocal immunofluorescence. Hypoxic stress for 71 days significantly increased the mRNA copies of HIF-2α and NHE-1 in gills and swim bladder, whereas normoxic recovery for 8 days decreased the HIF-2α mRNA copies to control values in both tissues. We did not found significant changes in mRNA copies of the NHE-3 gene in either gills or swim bladder in response to hypoxia and hyperoxia. Unlike in normoxic swim bladder, double immunohistochemical staining in hypoxic and hyperoxic swim bladder using nNOS/HIF-2α showed extensive bundles of HIF-2α-positive nerve fibers in the trabecular musculature associated with a few varicose nNOS immunoreactive nerve terminals.

show abstract

Immunohistochemical and ultrastructural study of the immune cell system and epithelial surfaces of the respiratory organs in the bimodally breathing African sharptooth catfish (Clarias gariepinus Burchell, 1822)

Maina

Icardo

Zaccone

et al. 2022

The Anatomical Record

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Acetylcholine (Ach) represents the old neurotransmitter in central and peripheral nervous system. Its muscarinic and nicotinic receptors (mAChRs and nAChRs) constitute an independent cholinergic system that is found in immune cells and play a key role in the regulation of the immune function and cytokine production. Gas exchanging surfaces of the gills and air‐breathing organs (ABOs) of the sharptooth catfish Clarias gariepinus were investigated using ultrastructural and confocal immunofluorescence techniques. This study was predominantly focused on the structure of the immune cell types, the expression of their neurotransmitters, including the antimicrobial peptide piscidin 1, and the functional significance of respiratory gas exchange epithelia. A network of immune cells (monocytes, eosinophils, and mast cells) was observed in the gill and the ABO epithelia. Eosinophils containing 5‐hydroxytryptamine (5‐HT) immunoreactivity were seen in close association with mast cells expressing acetylcholine (Ach), 5‐HT, neuronal nitric oxide synthase, and piscidin 1. A rich and dense cholinergic innervation dispersing across the islet capillaries of the gas exchange barrier and the localization of Ach in the squamous pavement cells covering the capillaries were evidenced byVAChT antibodies. We report for the first time that piscidin 1 (Pis 1)‐positive mast cells interact with Pis 1‐positive nerves found in the epithelia of the respiratory organs. Pis 1 immunoreactivity was also observed in the covering respiratory epithelium of the ABOs and associated with a role in local mucosal immune defense. The above results anticipate future studies on the neuro‐immune interactions at mucosal barrier surfaces, like the gill and the skin of fish, areas densely populated by different immune cells and sensory nerves that constantly sense and adapt to tissue‐specific environmental challenges.

show abstract

The simultaneous presence of neuroepithelial cells and neuroepithelial bodies in the respiratory gas bladder of the longnose gar, Lepisosteus osseus, and the spotted gar, L. oculatus

Cited by 12 publications

References 26 publications

Fine Structure of the Gas Bladder of Alligator Gar, Atractosteus spatula

Fine Structure of the Gas Bladder of Alligator Gar, Atractosteus spatula

The Effect of Hypoxia and Hyperoxia on Growth and Expression of Hypoxia‐Related Genes and Proteins in Spotted Gar Lepisosteus oculatus Larvae and Juveniles

Immunohistochemical and ultrastructural study of the immune cell system and epithelial surfaces of the respiratory organs in the bimodally breathing African sharptooth catfish (Clarias gariepinus Burchell, 1822)

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About