The setting mechanisms of a phosphocalcium biological cement

Hatim, Z.; Frèche, M.; Kheribech, A.; Lacout, J.L.

doi:10.1016/s0151-9107(98)80024-x

Cited by 16 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…Setting of calcium orthophosphate formulations is a continuous process that always starts with dissolution of the initial compounds in an aqueous system. This supplies ions of calcium and orthophosphate into the solution, where they chemically interact and precipitate in the form of either the final products or precursor phases, which causes the cement setting [ 13 , 162 , 163 ]. This was confirmed by Ishikawa and Asaoka, who showed that when TTCP and DCPA powders were mixed in double-distilled water, both powders were dissolved.…”

Section: General Information and Knowledgementioning

confidence: 99%

Self-Setting Calcium Orthophosphate Formulations

Dorozhkin¹

2013

JFB

151

107

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In early 1980s, researchers discovered self-setting calcium orthophosphate cements, which are bioactive and biodegradable grafting bioceramics in the form of a powder and a liquid. After mixing, both phases form pastes, which set and harden forming either a non-stoichiometric calcium deficient hydroxyapatite or brushite. Since both of them are remarkably biocompartible, bioresorbable and osteoconductive, self-setting calcium orthophosphate formulations appear to be promising bioceramics for bone grafting. Furthermore, such formulations possess excellent molding capabilities, easy manipulation and nearly perfect adaptation to the complex shapes of bone defects, followed by gradual bioresorption and new bone formation. In addition, reinforced formulations have been introduced, which might be described as calcium orthophosphate concretes. The discovery of self-setting properties opened up a new era in the medical application of calcium orthophosphates and many commercial trademarks have been introduced as a result. Currently such formulations are widely used as synthetic bone grafts, with several advantages, such as pourability and injectability. Moreover, their low-temperature setting reactions and intrinsic porosity allow loading by drugs, biomolecules and even cells for tissue engineering purposes. In this review, an insight into the self-setting calcium orthophosphate formulations, as excellent bioceramics suitable for both dental and bone grafting applications, has been provided.

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Section: General Information and Knowledgementioning

confidence: 99%

Self-Setting Calcium Orthophosphate Formulations

Dorozhkin¹

2013

JFB

151

107

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“…Setting of calcium orthophosphate cements is a continuous process that always starts with dissolution of the initial compounds in an aqueous system. This process supplies ions of calcium and orthophosphate into the solution, where they chemically interact and precipitate in the form of either the end-products or precursor phases, which causes the cement setting [138][139][140]. This was confirmed by Ishikawa and Asaoka, who showed that when TTCP and DCPA powders were mixed in double-distilled water, both powders were dissolved.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Self-Setting Calcium Orthophosphate Formulations: Cements, Concretes, Pastes and Putties

Dorozhkin¹

2012

IJMC

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In early 1980s, researchers discovered self-setting calcium orthophosphate cements, which are a bioactive and biodegradable grafting material in the form of a powder and a liquid. Both phases after mixing form a viscous paste that after being implanted sets and hardens within the body as either a non-stoichiometric calcium deficient hydroxyapatite (CDHA) or brushite, sometimes blended with un-reacted particles and other phases. As both CDHA and brushite are remarkably biocompartible and bioresorbable (therefore, in vivo they can be replaced with a newly forming bone), self-setting calcium orthophosphate cements represent a good correction technique of non-weight-bearing bone fractures or defects and appear to be very promising materials for bone grafting applications. Besides, these cements possess an excellent osteoconductivity, molding capabilities, and easy manipulation. Nearly perfect adaptation to the tissue surfaces in bone defects and a gradual bioresorption followed by new bone formation are additional distinctive advantages of calcium orthophosphate cements. Besides, reinforced formulations are available; those are described as calcium orthophosphate concretes. Furthermore, formulations with high viscosity, such as pastes and putties are also known. The discovery of self-setting formulations has opened up a new era in the medical application of calcium orthophosphates; several commercial compositions have already been introduced as a result. Many more formulations are in experimental stages. In this review, an insight into the self-setting calcium orthophosphate formulations, as excellent biomaterials suitable for both dental and bone grafting applications, has been provided.

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“…1 Fast-setting CaP bone cements have been studied in depth and developed in the last few years essentially as bone filling and bone reinforcement biomaterials because of their excellent biocompatibility and bioactivity. However, even though they can perfectly fill a bone cavity and be shaped as desired, [2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10] one of the main concerns of surgeons is to reach higher rates of resorption, an improvement of bone reconstruction, and to a lesser extent, higher mechanical resistance. [11][12][13] Several types of setting reactions can be involved in CaP biomimetic cements hardening and many of them lead to the formation of poorly crystalline apatites (PCAs) with a varying degree of crystallization and carbonation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Calcium carbonate–calcium phosphate mixed cement compositions for bone reconstruction

Combes

Bareille

Rey

2006

J Biomedical Materials Res

116

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The feasibility of making calcium carbonate-calcium phosphate (CaCO 3 -CaP) mixed cements, comprising at least 40 % (w/w) CaCO 3 in the dry powder ingredients, has been demonstrated.Several original cement compositions were obtained by mixing metastable crystalline calcium carbonate phases with metastable amorphous or crystalline calcium phosphate powders in aqueous medium. The cements set within at most 1 hour at 37°C in atmosphere saturated with water. The hardened cement is microporous and exhibits weak compressive strength. The setting reaction appeared to be essentially related to the formation of a highly carbonated nanocrystalline apatite phase by reaction of the mestastable CaP phase with part or almost all of the metastable CaCO 3 phase. The recrystallization of metastable CaP varieties led to a final cement consisting of a highly carbonated poorly crystalline apatite (PCA) analogous to bone mineral associated with various amounts of vaterite and/or aragonite. The presence of controlled amounts of CaCO 3 with a higher solubility than the apatite formed in the welldeveloped calcium phosphate cements might be of interest to increase resorption rates in biomedical cement and favor its replacement by bone tissue. Cytotoxicity testing revealed excellent cytocompatibility of CaCO 3 -CaP mixed cement compositions.

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The setting mechanisms of a phosphocalcium biological cement

Cited by 16 publications

References 4 publications

Self-Setting Calcium Orthophosphate Formulations

Self-Setting Calcium Orthophosphate Formulations

Self-Setting Calcium Orthophosphate Formulations: Cements, Concretes, Pastes and Putties

Calcium carbonate–calcium phosphate mixed cement compositions for bone reconstruction

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