The sense of flutter-vibration: comparison of the human capacity with response patterns of mechanoreceptive afferents from the monkey hand.

Talbot, William Henry Fox; Darian‐Smith, Ian; Kornhuber, H. H.; Mountcastle, Vernon B.

doi:10.1152/jn.1968.31.2.301

Cited by 898 publications

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“…Single cutaneous mechanoreceptive fibers were dissected from the median or ulnar nerves. Afferents were classified as SA1, R A, or Pacinian on the basis of responses to indentation and vibration with a point probe (Talbot et al, 1968). Only SA1 and R A afferents with RFs located on one of the distal glabrous pads of digits 2-5 were studied.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…One is that the R A RFs mapped by scanned dots are approximately twice as large as SA1 RFs (two times in the current study; Johnson and Lamb, 1981;Phillips et al, 1992) and that this masks any suppressive effect at a 3 mm separation. A second major factor is that R A but not SA1 afferents respond to the withdrawal of deformation (i.e., upward rate of deformation) (Talbot et al, 1968;Knibestöl, 1973;Pubols, 1980). Because the rate of withdrawal in the wake of the second dot is similar to the rate of indentation leading the first dot, the RA may respond well to both dots.…”

Section: Primary Afferent Rf Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Velocity Invariance of Receptive Field Structure in Somatosensory Cortical Area 3b of the Alert Monkey

DiCarlo

Johnson

1999

J. Neurosci.

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This is the second in a series of studies of the neural representation of tactile spatial form in cortical area 3b of the alert monkey. We previously studied the spatial structure of 330 area 3b neuronal receptive fields (RFs) on the fingerpad with random dot patterns scanned at one velocity (40 mm/sec; DiCarlo et al., 1998). Here, we analyze the temporal structure of 84 neuronal RFs by studying their spatial structure at three scanning velocities (20, 40, and 80 mm/sec). As in the previous study, most RFs contained a single, central, excitatory region and one or more surrounding or flanking inhibitory regions. The mean time delay between skin stimulation and its excitatory effect was 15.5 msec. Except for differences in mean rate, each neuron's response and the spatial structure of its RF were essentially unaffected by scanning velocity. This is the expected outcome when excitatory and inhibitory effects are brief and synchronous. However, that interpretation is consistent neither with the reported timing of excitation and inhibition in somatosensory cortex nor with the third study in this series, which investigates the effect of scanning direction and shows that one component of inhibition lags behind excitation. We reconcile these observations by showing that overlapping (in-field) inhibition delayed relative to excitation can produce RF spatial structure that is unaffected by changes in scanning velocity. Regardless of the mechanisms, the velocity invariance of area 3b RF structure is consistent with the velocity invariance of tactile spatial perception (e.g., roughness estimation and form recognition). Key words: receptive field; somatosensory; cortex; area 3b; SI; tactile; velocity; monkey; reverse correlationThe study reported here concerns the temporal and spatial response properties of neurons in area 3b of primary somatosensory cortex. Previous studies of area 3b have shown that each point in a neuron's cutaneous receptive field (RF) may give rise to excitation, inhibition, or both (Mountcastle and Powell, 1959;Laskin and Spencer, 1979; Gardner and Costanzo, 1980b,c;DiCarlo et al., 1998), that there is a delay between the cutaneous stimulus and the response (Mountcastle and Powell, 1959;Laskin and Spencer, 1979;Gardner and Costanzo, 1980a), that the excitatory and inhibitory effects may persist for variable periods (Laskin and Spencer, 1979;Gardner and Costanzo, 1980b), and that the timing of excitation and inhibition arising from a single cutaneous site may be different (Laskin and Spencer, 1979;Gardner and Costanzo, 1980b). Thus, area 3b RFs have temporal, as well as spatial structure. Although the precise relationship between the spatial and temporal parameters of a neuron's response and the RF estimated with a scanned stimulus is complex (see Appendix A), the general effects of temporal delay between the stimulus and response are as follows. Because we do not initially know the delay between the stimulus and each response component, our RF estimation procedure assigns each response component to the...

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Primary Afferent Rf Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Velocity Invariance of Receptive Field Structure in Somatosensory Cortical Area 3b of the Alert Monkey

DiCarlo

Johnson

1999

J. Neurosci.

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“…Verrillo [24], in comparing his psychophysical threshold data with the neurophysiological tuning curves of Sato [19] for single Pacinian corpuscles in cat, discovered that it was this receptor that was the neural element mediating the U-shaped portion of the psychophysical threshold function. The neural element mediating detection of vibration at lower frequencies was subsequently identified as rapidly adapting nerve fibers associated with Meissner corpuscles [15,20].…”

Section: The Tuning Of Tactile Channelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Some characteristics of tactile channels

Gescheider

Bolanowski

Verrillo

2004

Behavioural Brain Research

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“…Stevens (1968) later reported the same effect for 60 Hz (0.50) and 250 Hz (0.34) for a 0.28-cm 2 contactor with no surround. Data for the fingertip reported by Talbot et al (1968) show the effect at 40 Hz (0.47) and 120 Hz (0.42) for a contactor of unspecified dimension used without a surround. Results reported by Gibson (1960) are ambiguous, since the dependence of slope on frequency depends upon the manner in which the data are plotted.…”

Section: Magnitude Estimation With Surroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is known that the Pacinian corpuscle is maximally sensitive to vibration in the region of 250 Hz, where the threshold response is 15 to 20 dB lower than that of a 60-Hz signal (Sato, 1961;Verrillo, 1963Verrillo, , 1966bVerrillo, , 1968and others). It is also known that the Pacinian corpuscle can be excited over considerable distances by vibrations applied to a region remote from the site of the receptor (Merzenich & Harrington, 1969;Talbot et al, 1968). Indeed, the subjective experience is that the sensation produced by a 250-Hz signal is more diffuse than that produced at 60 Hz, which is more localized, although the same contactor area is used.…”

Section: Magnitude Estimation Without Surroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of stimulus frequency on subjective vibrotactile magnitude functions

Verrillo

Capraro

1975

Perception & Psychophysics

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Subjective magnitude functions were determined by the method of magnitude estimation at 60 and 250 Hz at the fingertip and thenar eminence, both with and without a rigid surface surrounding the contactor. When the surround was in place, the slopes of the curves were independent of stimulus frequency. The slopes became frequency dependent when the surround was removed-the lower frequency produced a steeper slope at both body sites. An explanation of the effect is suggested. It involves the frequency characteristics and spatial sensitivity of the receptors.

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The sense of flutter-vibration: comparison of the human capacity with response patterns of mechanoreceptive afferents from the monkey hand.

Cited by 898 publications

References 0 publications

Velocity Invariance of Receptive Field Structure in Somatosensory Cortical Area 3b of the Alert Monkey

Velocity Invariance of Receptive Field Structure in Somatosensory Cortical Area 3b of the Alert Monkey

Some characteristics of tactile channels

Effect of stimulus frequency on subjective vibrotactile magnitude functions

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