The secreted salivary proteome of Asian citrus psyllid <scp><i>Diaphorina citri</i></scp>

Xj, Yu; Killiny, Nabil

doi:10.1111/phen.12263

Cited by 25 publications

(21 citation statements)

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“…Despite the existence of the ACP saliva proteome 33 , ACP effectors or salivary molecules that interact with host plants have not been identified until now 34 . In the present work, we predict secreted D. citri effectors using bioinformatics tools.…”

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confidence: 99%

Gene silencing of Diaphorina citri candidate effectors promotes changes in feeding behaviors

Pacheco

Galdeano

Maluta

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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Insect effectors are mainly secreted by salivary glands, modulate plant physiology and favor the establishment and transmission of pathogens. Feeding is the principal vehicle of transmission of Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus (Ca. Las) by the Asian citrus psyllid (ACP), Diaphorina citri. This study aimed to predict putative ACP effectors that may act on the Huanglongbing (HLB) pathosystem. Bioinformatics analysis led to the identification of 131 candidate effectors. Gene expression investigations were performed to select genes that were overexpressed in the ACP head and modulated by Ca. Las. To evaluate the actions of candidate effectors on D. citri feeding, six effectors were selected for gene silencing bioassays. Double-stranded RNAs (dsRNAs) of the target genes were delivered to D. citri adults via artificial diets for five days. RNAi silencing caused a reduction in the ACP lifespan and decreased the salivary sheath size and honeydew production. Moreover, after dsRNA delivery of the target genes using artificial diet, the feeding behaviors of the insects were evaluated on young leaves from citrus seedlings. These analyses proved that knockdown of D. citri effectors also interfered with ACP feeding abilities in planta, causing a decrease in honeydew production and reducing ACP survival. Electrical penetration graph (EPG) analysis confirmed the actions of the effectors on D. citri feeding behaviors. These results indicate that gene silencing of D. citri effectors may cause changes in D. citri feeding behaviors and could potentially be used for ACP control. Insect pests are one of the main factors that reduce agricultural plant productivity. Global losses caused by these animals reach 220 billion dollars annually 1. In addition to the damage caused by their actions, problems caused by insects can be increased by the transmission of several plant pathogens 2. Asian citrus psyllid (ACP), Diaphorina citri Kuwayama (Hemiptera: Liviidae), stands out as the most important agricultural pest among citrus crops 3. ACP is a vector for the bacteria Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus (Ca. Las), the causal agent of Huanglongbing (HLB). This disease affects all commercial citrus varieties by promoting plant decline and reducing fruit quality 4,5. In the last fifteen years, HLB has spread quickly across the American continent and the citrus production in the USA declined 58% 4. In Brazil, 34 million citrus trees have been removed since the first detection of HLB in 2004 6. So far, no efficient control for HLB has been found. Disease management consists of producing seedlings using Ca Las-free nursery stock, removal of infected trees and insecticide applications for vector control 7,8. However, the extensive application of insecticides could select for ACP-resistant populations 9-11. Diaphorina citri acquire Ca. Las via a circulative-persistent manner during feeding 12,13. The efficiency of Ca. Las transmission is affected by the duration of phloem ingestion by ACP 14. Studies have been developed to understand the interactions ...

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confidence: 99%

Gene silencing of Diaphorina citri candidate effectors promotes changes in feeding behaviors

Pacheco

Galdeano

Maluta

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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“…In addition, cathepsin is a cysteine protease and functions as a primary digestive enzyme to degrade host defense proteins. It is common in the watery saliva of Diuraphis noxia (Nicholson et al, 2012), N. lugens (Liu et al, 2016) and D. citri (Yu and Killiny, 2018). Our results showed that six cathepsins with signal peptides were significantly changed (one upregulated and five downregulated) in CLas-infected D. citri.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 62%

“…Compared with these studies, we identified slightly more proteins in the SG of D. citri, and our data provide valuable information for further study of functional protein activity in the SG. In addition, 86 saliva proteins were identified from D. citri via an LC-MS/MS analysis (Yu and Killiny, 2018). More proteins were obtained from the SG than from the gathered saliva in D. citri.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To characterize the functions of the SG or secreted saliva, the transcriptomes and/or proteomes of the SG and/or secreted saliva of phloem feeders were analyzed in several Hemiptera species such as Acyrthosiphon pisum (Carolan et al, 2011), Nilaparvata lugens (Ji et al, 2013), Laodelphax striatellus, Sogatella furcifera (Huang et al, 2018), Bemisia tabaci (Su et al, 2012), and Diaphorina citri (Yu and Killiny, 2018). The saliva of Hemiptera acts as a vector among insect-plant-pathogen interactions because insects produce saliva and inoculate pathogens into healthy plants during feeding (Weintraub and Beanland, 2006).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The SG-secreted proteins from other insect phloem feeders act as effector proteins that facilitate their feeding or repress host immune responses, like C002 (Mutti et al, 2008), NlEG1 (Ji et al, 2017), Bt56 (Xu et al, 2019), and macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) (Naessens et al, 2015). Although the saliva of D. citri has been analyzed using LC-MS/MS (Yu and Killiny, 2018), the differences of SG components in CLas-infected and uninfected D. citri and the functions of these different components are unknown. SG are important in D. citri for feeding, responding to host plant defenses and barring pathogens.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Transcriptomic and Proteomic Analysis of the Diaphorina citri Salivary Glands Reveals Genes Responding to Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus

et al. 2020

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The Asian citrus psyllid (ACP), Diaphorina citri Kuwayama, is the principal vector of the Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus (CLas) bacterium that causes Huanglongbing (HLB) disease. The D. citri salivary glands (SG) is an important barrier to the transmission of CLas. Despite its importance, the transcriptome and proteome of SG defense against CLas are unstudied in D. citri. In the present study, we generated a comparative transcriptome dataset of the SG in infected and uninfected D. citri using an Illumina RNA-Seq technology. We obtained 407 differentially expressed genes (DEGs), including 159 upregulated DEGs and 248 downregulated DEGs. Functional categories showed that many DEGs were associated with the ribosome, the insecticide resistance, the immune response and the digestion in comparison with CLas-infected SG and CLasfree SG. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) databases confirmed that metabolism and immunity were important functions in the SG. Among the DEGs, 68 genes (35 upregulated and 33 downregulated) encoding putativesecreted proteins were obtained with a signal peptide, suggesting that these genes may play important roles in CLas infection. A total of 673 SG proteins were identified in uninfected D. citri by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry/mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) analysis, and 30 DEGs (15 upregulated and 15 downregulated) were found using the local tBLASTP programs. Among the 30 DEGs, many DEGs mainly involved in the metabolism and cellular processes pathways. This study provides basic transcriptome and proteome information for the SG in D. citri, and helps illuminate the molecular interactions between CLas and D. citri.

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Insight into Salivary Gland Proteomes of Two Polyphagous Stink Bugs: Nezara viridula L. and Halyomorpha halys Stål

Serteyn

Francis

2019

Proteomics

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The invasive brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB), Halyomorpha halys Stål, and the southern green stink bugs (SGSBs), Nezara viridula L., are widely distributed in Europe, even if the date of introduction and the diet differ. Saliva of Hemipteran pests plays essential roles in the interaction between insects and their host plants. The salivary proteomes of several aphid species have been studied and found to differ according to the species, while no comparative investigation between phytophagous stink bugs has been performed yet. Here, the salivary proteins from two bugs, BMSB and SGSB, are analyzed using LC-MS/MS. Data are available via ProteomeXchange with identifiers PXD011920 and PXD011976. A total of 238 and 305 proteins are identified in salivary glands of BMSB and SGSB, respectively. In comparison with salivary proteome from other Hemiptera, the most striking feature of the salivary gland proteomes of SGSB and BMSB is the similar pattern of protein functions between both species. Some of the proteins are speculated to play a significant role in plant-insect interactions. The results herein provide a framework for future research to elucidate the molecular basis of differential impact of piercing-sucking insects on host plants.

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The secreted salivary proteome of Asian citrus psyllid Diaphorina citri

Cited by 25 publications

References 50 publications

Gene silencing of Diaphorina citri candidate effectors promotes changes in feeding behaviors

Gene silencing of Diaphorina citri candidate effectors promotes changes in feeding behaviors

A Transcriptomic and Proteomic Analysis of the Diaphorina citri Salivary Glands Reveals Genes Responding to Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus

Insight into Salivary Gland Proteomes of Two Polyphagous Stink Bugs: Nezara viridula L. and Halyomorpha halys Stål

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