The second Chinese glacier inventory: data, methods and results

Guo, Wenbin; Liu, Shiyin; Xu, Li; Wu, Lizong; Shangguan, Donghui; Yao, Xiaojun; Jian, Wei; Bao, Weijia; Yu, Pengchun; Liu, Qiao; Jiang, Zongli

doi:10.3189/2015jog14j209

Cited by 462 publications

(395 citation statements)

References 58 publications

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“…According to the CGI-2, there are 41 649 single glaciers covering an area of 42 682 km 2 in our study area on the TP. A comparison between CGI-1 and CGI-2 has been conducted by Guo and others (2015). Therefore, we only present glacier area differences between the time series of TPG and the two CGI datasets (Table 4).…”

Section: Comparison Among Different Glacier Inventoriesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…6) and all available satellite images (including Google Earth™ imagery and HJ-1A/1B satellite data) were used as base reference data. Areas that appeared in any of these sources to have the characteristics of exposed ground/basement/bedrock were manually delineated as non-glacier, and were also cross-checked with CGI-1 ( Shi and others, 2008) and CGI-2 ( Guo and others, 2015). Steep hanging glaciers were included in each TPG inventory if they were identifiable on images in all three epochs.…”

Section: Glacier Outline Delineation and Quality Controlmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The basin boundaries were also used by Guo and others (2015) for CGI-2. Marginal catchments, including all ECs (i.e 5O, 5Q, 5J, 5K, 5N, 5L) and two of the IB (5Y6 and 5Y4) were truncated at the TP outline.…”

Section: Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

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Glacier changes on the Tibetan Plateau derived from Landsat imagery: mid-1970s – 2000–13

Zong

Tian

et al. 2017

J. Glaciol.

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ABSTRACT. Glacier area changes on the Tibetan Plateau were studied in different drainage basins based on Landsat satellite images from three epochs: 263 in the mid-1970s, 150 in 1999-2002 and 148 in 2013/ 14. Three mosaics (M1976, M2001 and M2013) with minimal cloud and snow cover were constructed, and the uncertainty due to each epoch having a finite span was accounted for. Glacier outlines (TPG1976, TPG2001 and TPG2013) were digitized manually with guidance from the SRTM DEM v4.1 and Google Earth imagery. To achieve complete multi-temporal coverage in a reasonable time, only debris-free ice was delineated. Area mapping uncertainty was evaluated at three study sites, Mount Qomolangma (Everest), Mount Naimona'Nyi, Mount Geladandong, where the largest differences between present and earlier measurements were within ∼±4%. Area differences with previous inventories ranged from −19.6% (TPG1976 minus the first Chinese Glacier Inventory) to −3.6% and −1.1% (TPG2013 and TPG2001, respectively minus the second Chinese Glacier Inventory), while the difference TPG2001 minus the GAMDAM Glacier Inventory was +10.4%. Glacier area on the plateau decreased from 44 366 ± 2827 km 2 (1.7% of the study area) in the 1970s to 42 210 ± 1621 km 2 in 2001 and 41 137 ± 1616 km 2 in 2013. Shrinkage was faster in external drainage basins of the southeast than in the interior basins of the northwest, from a maximum of −0.43% a −1 (−1.60% a −1 during 1994-2013) in the Mekong catchment down to a minimum of −0.12% a −1 in the Tarim interior drainage.

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Section: Comparison Among Different Glacier Inventoriesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Glacier Outline Delineation and Quality Controlmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Glacier changes on the Tibetan Plateau derived from Landsat imagery: mid-1970s – 2000–13

Zong

Tian

et al. 2017

J. Glaciol.

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“…Located on the northeastern edge of the Tibetan Plateau (36-39 • N, 94-104 • E), Qilian Shan (QS) develops 2051 glaciers covering an area of approximately 1057 km 2 with a total ice volume of approximately 51 km 3 (Guo et al, 2014(Guo et al, , 2015. Meltwater from QS glaciers is a very important water resource for the agricultural irrigation and socioeconomic development of the oasis cities in northwestern China.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An investigation of the thermomechanical features of Laohugou Glacier No. 12 on Qilian Shan, western China, using a two-dimensional first-order flow-band ice flow model

et al. 2018

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Abstract. By combining in situ measurements and a twodimensional thermomechanically coupled ice flow model, we investigate the thermomechanical features of the largest valley glacier (Laohugou Glacier No. 12; LHG12) on Qilian Shan located in the arid region of western China. Our model results suggest that LHG12, previously considered as fully cold, is probably polythermal, with a lower temperate ice layer overlain by an upper layer of cold ice over a large region of the ablation area. Modelled ice surface velocities match well with the in situ observations in the east branch (main branch) but clearly underestimate those near the glacier terminus, possibly because the convergent flow is ignored and the basal sliding beneath the confluence area is underestimated. The modelled ice temperatures are in very good agreement with the in situ measurements from a deep borehole (110 m deep) in the upper ablation area. The model results are sensitive to surface thermal boundary conditions, for example surface air temperature and near-surface ice temperature. In this study, we use a Dirichlet surface thermal condition constrained by 20 m borehole temperatures and annual surface air temperatures. Like many other alpine glaciers, strain heating is important in controlling the englacial thermal structure of LHG12. Our transient simulations indicate that the accumulation zone becomes colder during the last two decades as a response to the elevated equilibrium line altitude and the rising summer air temperatures. We suggest that the extent of accumulation basin (the amount of refreezing latent heat from meltwater) of LHG12 has a considerable impact on the englacial thermal status.

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“…3). Thanks to the opening of the Landsat archive by USGS (Wulder et al 2012), numerous studies have mapped glacier extents over large regions with the method described above (Bolch et al 2010;Rastner et al 2012;Frey et al 2012;Guo et al 2015) and contributed to the global completeness of the RGI (Pfeffer et al 2014). The body of literature on regional glacier area changes revealed a globally consistent picture of shrinking glaciers over the past 50 years with rates mostly between 0.05 and 1% area loss per year (Vaughan et al 2013).…”

Section: Derivation Of Glacier Outlines and Trends From Satellite Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

Observation-Based Estimates of Global Glacier Mass Change and Its Contribution to Sea-Level Change

Marzeion¹,

Champollion²,

Haeberli³

et al. 2017

Space Sciences Series of ISSI

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Glaciers have strongly contributed to sea-level rise during the past century and will continue to be an important part of the sea-level budget during the twenty-first century. Here, we review the progress in estimating global glacier mass change from in situ measurements of mass and length changes, remote sensing methods, and mass balance modeling driven by climate observations. For the period before the onset of satellite observations, different strategies to overcome the uncertainty associated with monitoring only a small sample of the world's glaciers have been developed. These methods now yield estimates generally reconcilable with each other within their respective uncertainty margins. Whereas this is also the case for the recent decades, the greatly increased number of estimates obtained from remote sensing reveals that gravimetry-based methods typically arrive at lower mass loss estimates than the other methods. We suggest that strategies for better interconnecting the different methods are needed to ensure progress and to increase the temporal and spatial detail of reliable glacier mass change estimates.

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The second Chinese glacier inventory: data, methods and results

Cited by 462 publications

References 58 publications

Glacier changes on the Tibetan Plateau derived from Landsat imagery: mid-1970s – 2000–13

Glacier changes on the Tibetan Plateau derived from Landsat imagery: mid-1970s – 2000–13

An investigation of the thermomechanical features of Laohugou Glacier No. 12 on Qilian Shan, western China, using a two-dimensional first-order flow-band ice flow model

Observation-Based Estimates of Global Glacier Mass Change and Its Contribution to Sea-Level Change

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