The scalp-recorded brainstem response to speech: Neural origins and plasticity

Chandrasekaran, Bharath; Kraus, Nina

doi:10.1111/j.1469-8986.2009.00928.x

Cited by 399 publications

(367 citation statements)

References 100 publications

(181 reference statements)

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“…The stimulus was presented to the participant's right ear in alternating polarity at 80 ± 1 dB SPL at a rate of 10.9 Hz. Responses were online filtered from 100 to 2,000 Hz, a frequency range that captures the phase-locking limits of the inferior colliculus, the putative generator of the brainstem response (95,96). Responses were segmented into epochs (−15 to 58 ms relative to stimulus onset) and then baseline corrected to the average prestimulus amplitude.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Music training alters the course of adolescent auditory development

Tierney

Krizman

Kraus

2015

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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131

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Fundamental changes in brain structure and function during adolescence are well-characterized, but the extent to which experience modulates adolescent neurodevelopment is not. Musical experience provides an ideal case for examining this question because the influence of music training begun early in life is wellknown. We investigated the effects of in-school music training, previously shown to enhance auditory skills, versus another inschool training program that did not focus on development of auditory skills (active control). We tested adolescents on neural responses to sound and language skills before they entered high school (pretraining) and again 3 y later. Here, we show that inschool music training begun in high school prolongs the stability of subcortical sound processing and accelerates maturation of cortical auditory responses. Although phonological processing improved in both the music training and active control groups, the enhancement was greater in adolescents who underwent music training. Thus, music training initiated as late as adolescence can enhance neural processing of sound and confer benefits for language skills. These results establish the potential for experience-driven brain plasticity during adolescence and demonstrate that in-school programs can engender these changes. music | training | auditory B y age six, the brain has reached 90% of its adult size (1).However, the years between childhood and young adulthood are marked by a host of subtler neural developments. Myelination and synaptic pruning (2-5) lead to a decrease in gray matter and an increase in white matter (6-13). Resting-state oscillations decline (14-16), and passive evoked responses to sound change in complex ways. Cortically, the P1, which is a positive deflection at around 50 ms generated within lateral Heschl's gyrus (17), declines whereas the N1, a negative deflection at around 100 ms generated within primary and secondary auditory cortices (18)(19)(20), increases (21-23). Subcortically, the trial-by-trial consistency of the response declines (24,25). An open question is how experience interacts with this developmental plasticity during adolescence. Is the transition from the plasticity of childhood to the stability of adulthood malleable by experience? And if so, what types of enrichment have the greatest impact on the development of the neural mechanisms contributing to auditory and language skills?Music training is an enrichment program commonly available to high school students, and its neural and behavioral consequences are well-understood (for a review, see ref. 26). Studies comparing nonmusicians with musicians who began training early in life have revealed a "signature" set of enhancements associated with musical experience (27,28). Relative to nonmusician peers, musicians tend to show enhanced speech-innoise perception (29-34), verbal memory (30-33, 35-38), phonological skills (39-45), and reading (46-50), although not without exception (51, 52). Music training has also been linked to enhancements in the enco...

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Music training alters the course of adolescent auditory development

Tierney

Krizman

Kraus

2015

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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131

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“…Frequency-following responses (FFRs) to tonal carriers or to the modulation envelope (envelopefollowing responses or EFRs), though still not widely used in the clinic, are rapidly gaining prominence as a means of assessing processing of complex sounds from the auditory pathway (Cunningham et al 2001;Aiken and Picton 2008;Swaminathan et al 2008;Basu et al 2010;Clinard et al 2010;Krishnan et al 2010;Parbery-Clark et al 2011;Anderson et al 2012). FFRs and EFRs are evoked in response to longer, often more spectro-temporally complex stimuli (Krishnan 1999(Krishnan , 2002Krishnan et al 2004;Swaminathan et al 2008), and are strongly influenced by rostral brainstem and midbrain generators (Kiren et al 1994;Kuwada et al 2002;Akhoun et al 2010;Chandrasekaran and Kraus 2010;Parthasarathy and Bartlett 2012). They have been used to show differences in processing of complex stimuli under various pathological conditions, such as age-related hearing loss, dyslexia, and autism (McAnally and Stein 1997;Chandrasekaran et al 2009;Russo et al 2009;Anderson et al 2012;Clinard and Tremblay 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Age-Related Changes in the Relationship Between Auditory Brainstem Responses and Envelope-Following Responses

Parthasarathy

Datta

Torres

et al. 2014

JARO

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Hearing thresholds and wave amplitudes measured using auditory brainstem responses (ABRs) to brief sounds are the predominantly used clinical measures to objectively assess auditory function. However, frequency-following responses (FFRs) to tonal carriers and to the modulation envelope (envelope-following responses or EFRs) to longer and spectro-temporally modulated stimuli are rapidly gaining prominence as a measure of complex sound processing in the brainstem and midbrain. In spite of numerous studies reporting changes in hearing thresholds, ABR wave amplitudes, and the FFRs and EFRs under neurodegenerative conditions, including aging, the relationships between these metrics are not clearly understood. In this study, the relationships between ABR thresholds, ABR wave amplitudes, and EFRs are explored in a rodent model of aging. ABRs to broadband click stimuli and EFRs to sinusoidally amplitude-modulated noise carriers were measured in young (3-6 months) and aged (22-25 months) Fischer-344 rats. ABR thresholds and amplitudes of the different waves as well as phase-locking amplitudes of EFRs were calculated. Age-related differences were observed in all these measures, primarily as increases in ABR thresholds and decreases in ABR wave amplitudes and EFR phaselocking capacity. There were no observed correlations between the ABR thresholds and the ABR wave amplitudes. Significant correlations between the EFR amplitudes and ABR wave amplitudes were observed across a range of modulation frequencies in the young. However, no such significant correlations were found in the aged. The aged click ABR amplitudes were found to be lower than would be predicted using a linear regression model of the young, suggesting altered gain mechanisms in the relationship between ABRs and FFRs with age. These results suggest that ABR thresholds, ABR wave amplitudes, and EFRs measure complementary aspects of overlapping neurophysiological processes and the relationships between these measurements changes asymmetrically with age. Hence, measuring all three metrics provides a more complete assessment of auditory function, especially under pathological conditions like aging.

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“…This suggests abnormal temporal phase-locking properties to the fundamental frequency and its harmonics of the voiced (vowel) portion of the /da/ stimuli. This may relate to the neural deficiency of the brainstem level as brainstem cells are responsible for originating these responses [30] . Recent investigations towards the aging effect on S-ABR have been suggestive of delayed FFR responses along with altered onset and offset responses [29] .…”

Section: Effect Of Diabetes On Sustained Measures Of Speech-evoked Abmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[30] These frequency following responses (FFR) do not seem to be affected due to various disorders in spite of delayed transient responses [18] . However, latency analysis of the FFR in diabetic individuals was shown to be prolonged along with the onset and offset representations (V-A complex and O, respectively).…”

Section: Effect Of Diabetes On Sustained Measures Of Speech-evoked Abmentioning

confidence: 99%

Speech-Evoked Auditory Brainstem Response in Individuals with Diabetes Mellitus Type 2

Sanju

Mohanan²,

Kumar³

2017

Int Adv Otol

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RESULTS:The findings of the current study suggest that middle-aged individuals with diabetes have a significant deficiency in auditory processing at the brainstem level. Both transient (wave V (p=0.00), A (p=0.00), and O (p=0.00)) and sustained responses (wave D (p=0.001), E (p=0.00), and F (p=0.00)) of the S-ABR were found to be affected in diabetic individuals compared to age-matched non-diabetic individuals. CONCLUSION:Considering diabetes is a common metabolic disorder in the middle-aged Indian population, the findings of the present study can have significant clinical implication.

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The scalp-recorded brainstem response to speech: Neural origins and plasticity

Cited by 399 publications

References 100 publications

Music training alters the course of adolescent auditory development

Music training alters the course of adolescent auditory development

Age-Related Changes in the Relationship Between Auditory Brainstem Responses and Envelope-Following Responses

Speech-Evoked Auditory Brainstem Response in Individuals with Diabetes Mellitus Type 2

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