The role of testosterone and estradiol in brain volume changes across adolescence: A longitudinal structural MRI study

Herting, Megan M.; Gautam, Prapti; Spielberg, Jeffrey M.; Kan, Eric; Dahl, Ronald E.; Sowell, Elizabeth R.

doi:10.1002/hbm.22575

Cited by 202 publications

(193 citation statements)

References 60 publications

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“…In frontal and parietal cortex, this peak occurs around 10–11 years of age in girls, while the peak in boys is shifted about one year later (Giedd et al, 1999), which may relate to the tendency for girls to start puberty earlier than boys (Lenroot et al, 2007). When controlling for age, both pubertal hormones and stage of puberty correlate with changes in gray matter across adolescent development in disparate regions of cortex (De Bellis et al, 2001), including in the frontal cortex (Bramen et al, 2011; Gogtay et al, 2004; Herting et al, 2014; Herting et al, 2015; Koolschijn et al, 2014; Neufang et al, 2009; Peper et al, 2009a; Raznahan et al, 2010). For example, in a longitudinal study in which adolescent girls and boys were scanned once during early puberty and a second time during late puberty, there were effects of rate of change in pubertal status and sex in various subregions of the temporal, frontal, and occipital cortices (Herting et al, 2015).…”

Section: How Does the Neurobiology Of The Associative Neocortex Chamentioning

confidence: 99%

Does puberty mark a transition in sensitive periods for plasticity in the associative neocortex?

et al. 2017

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Postnatal brain development is studded with sensitive periods during which experience dependent plasticity is enhanced. This enables rapid learning from environmental inputs and reorganization of cortical circuits that matches behavior with environmental contingencies. Significant headway has been achieved in characterizing and understanding sensitive period biology in primary sensory cortices, but relatively little is known about sensitive period biology in associative neocortex. One possible mediator is the onset of puberty, which marks the transition to adolescence, when animals shift their behavior toward gaining independence and exploring their social world. Puberty onset correlates with reduced behavioral plasticity in some domains and enhanced plasticity in others, and therefore may drive the transition from juvenile to adolescent brain function. Pubertal onset is also occurring earlier in developed nations, particularly in unserved populations, and earlier puberty is associated with vulnerability for substance use, depression and anxiety. In the present article we review the evidence that supports a causal role for puberty in developmental changes in the function and neurobiology of the associative neocortex. We also propose a model for how pubertal hormones may regulate sensitive period plasticity in associative neocortex. We conclude that the evidence suggests puberty onset may play a causal role in some aspects of associative neocortical development, but that further research that manipulates puberty and measures gonadal hormones is required. We argue that further work of this kind is urgently needed to determine how earlier puberty may negatively impact human health and learning potential.

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Section: How Does the Neurobiology Of The Associative Neocortex Chamentioning

confidence: 99%

Does puberty mark a transition in sensitive periods for plasticity in the associative neocortex?

et al. 2017

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“…Tanner stages in a sample of males and females (ages 7 to 22 years) were noted to predict changes in subcortical volume of several structures including the hippocampus, amygdala, and caudate (Goddings et al 2013). In a sample of 126 adolescents (ages 10 to 14 years) Hertig et al (2014) employed growth curve modeling to examine how testosterone and estradiol relate to changes in subcortical brain volumes obtained in a longitudinal design 2-years apart. Hormonal levels and Tanner Stage predicted WM and right amygdala growth for males and females across adolescence independent of age.…”

Section: Hormonal Modulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sex differences in brain and behavior in adolescence: Findings from the Philadelphia Neurodevelopmental Cohort

Gur

2016

Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews

173

104

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Sex differences in brain and behavior were investigated across the lifespan. Parameters include neurobehavioral measures linkable to neuroanatomic and neurophysiologic indicators of brain structure and function. Sexual differentiation of behavior has been related to organizational factors during sensitive periods of development, with adolescence and puberty gaining increased attention. Adolescence is a critical developmental period where transition to adulthood is impacted by multiple factors that can enhance vulnerability to brain dysfunction. Here we highlight sex differences in neurobehavioral measures in adolescence that are linked to brain function. We summarize neuroimaging studies examining brain structure, connectivity and perfusion, underscoring the relationship to sex differences in behavioral measures and commenting on hormonal findings. We focus on relevant data from the Philadelphia Neurodevelopmental Cohort (PNC), a community-based sample of nearly 10,000 clinically and neurocognitively phenotyped youths age 8–21 of whom 1600 have received multimodal neuroimaging. These data indicate early and pervasive sexual differentiation in neurocognitive measures that is linkable to brain parameters. We conclude by describing possible clinical implications.

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“…Furthermore, these studies suggest that underlying hormonal changes may, in part, explain why pubertal status accounts for some of the variance in brain development. Structural MRI (Bramen et al, 2012; Bramen et al, 2011; Herting et al, 2014; Peper et al, 2009), diffusion tensor imaging (Herting, Maxwell, Irvine, & Nagel, 2012), and fMRI (Goddings et al, 2012; Klapwijk et al, 2013; Op de Macks et al, 2011) studies have found relationships between sex steroids and brain anatomy and activity, respectively, in healthy adolescent samples. Pubertal maturation may be particularly relevant to the development of brain systems underlying social and reward-related processing during adolescence.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effects of age, sex, and hormones on emotional conflict-related brain response during adolescence

Cservenka

Stroup

Etkin

et al. 2015

Brain and Cognition

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While cognitive and emotional systems both undergo development during adolescence, few studies have explored top-down inhibitory control brain activity in the context of affective processing, critical to informing adolescent psychopathology. In this study, we used functional magnetic resonance imaging to examine brain response during an Emotional Conflict (EmC) Task across 10–15-year-old youth. During the EmC Task, participants indicated the emotion of facial expressions, while disregarding emotion-congruent and incongruent words printed across the faces. We examined the relationships of age, sex, and gonadal hormones with brain activity on Incongruent vs. Congruent trials. Age was negatively associated with middle frontal gyrus activity, controlling for performance and movement confounds. Sex differences were present in occipital and parietal cortices, and were driven by activation in females, and deactivation in males to Congruent trials. Testosterone was negatively related with frontal and striatal brain response in males, and cerebellar and precuneus response in females. Estradiol was negatively related with fronto-cerebellar, cingulate, and precuneus brain activity in males, and positively related with occipital response in females. To our knowledge, this is the first study reporting the effects of age, sex, and sex steroids during an emotion-cognition task in adolescents. Further research is needed to examine longitudinal development of emotion-cognition interactions and deviations in psychiatric disorders in adolescence.

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The role of testosterone and estradiol in brain volume changes across adolescence: A longitudinal structural MRI study

Cited by 202 publications

References 60 publications

Does puberty mark a transition in sensitive periods for plasticity in the associative neocortex?

Does puberty mark a transition in sensitive periods for plasticity in the associative neocortex?

Sex differences in brain and behavior in adolescence: Findings from the Philadelphia Neurodevelopmental Cohort

The effects of age, sex, and hormones on emotional conflict-related brain response during adolescence

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